首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
游客
2024-02-02
13
管理
问题
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can【C1】______performance at work and school. Cognitive(认知学派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on【C2】______and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters,【C3】______among educators. But the careful use of small【C4】______rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements(刺激)indeed【C5】______inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
"If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively【C6】______task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it’s easy to【C7】______creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards."
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for【C8】______achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and【C9】______failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows【C10】______in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoid E)hope
F)especially G)aid H)ordinary I)approval J)monetary
K)generally L)improve M)challenging N)restore O)excellent [br] 【C9】
选项
答案
N
解析
由空格前的and可知,此处应填动词,与tighten构成并列。可选项有avoid和restore,但由tighten可推出,既然是使评分标准严格,那么就会有高分和低分,也会有不及格,故只有restore“恢复”符合题意。avoid“避免(不及格)”不符合原文意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3416869.html
相关试题推荐
BritishpsychologistshavefoundevidenceofalinkbetweenexcessiveIntern
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraise
随机试题
WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?A、Eitherofthebooksispopularw
关于临时建设、临时用地正确的表述是:()A.在城市规划区内部允许进行临时建设
除设计有要求外,压力管道水压试验的管段长度不宜大于()。A.0.5km B.
关于桩身完整性分类,下述正确的是()A.共分三类 B.共分四类 C.Ⅲ
台阶法可适用于I~V级围岩隧道的开挖。()
沥青混合料用粗集料针片状颗粒含量试验的游标卡尺法中侧面厚度t为平放状态的颗粒中最
D第一步,本题考查非整数数列中的分数数列。 第二步,利用反约分将原数列转化为,分子4,6,8,9,10,(12)是合数数列,下一项为12,分母0.5,1,2,
某地区有一个空调生产企业,由一个公司总部和三个车间组成。2008年该公司共生产空
牙髓感染的主要途径是( )。A.暴露的牙本质小管 B.暴露的牙髓 C.侧副
共用题干 甲有限责任公司为国有企业,2013年6月,该公司会计科长江某将其侄女
最新回复
(
0
)