黄河全长约5000公里,是中国第二长河,仅次于长江(the Yangtze River)。黄河发源于青海省,流经中国青海、四川、甘肃、宁夏、陕西等9个省

游客2024-01-31  26

问题     黄河全长约5000公里,是中国第二长河,仅次于长江(the Yangtze River)。黄河发源于青海省,流经中国青海、四川、甘肃、宁夏、陕西等9个省区,最后流入渤海。由于夹带了大量的泥沙(silt),黄河的河水呈黄色。在中国历史上,黄河流域给中华文明带来了巨大的影响,也是中华民族最主要的发源地。因此黄河被称为“中华文明的摇篮(cradle)”和中国的“母亲河”。

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答案     The Yellow River is about 5,000 kilometers long. It is the second longest river in China, only second to the Yangtze River. With its origin in Qinghai Province, the Yellow River flows through nine provinces of China such as Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, and Shanxi, and finally pours itself into the Bohai Sea. Because it carries a lot of silt, the water of the River is in yellow. In Chinese history, the Yellow River basin influences Chinese civilization significantly and is also the major birthplace of Chinese nation. Therefore, the Yellow River is called "the Cradle of Chinese Civilization" and "Mother River" of China.

解析 1.第1句中的“全长……公里”可表达为is…kilometers long,也可表达为has a length of...kilometers。“第二长河”,在数量、规模等方面要表达“第几长”、“第几大”时应该是序数词加上形容词的最高级,故这里译为the second longest river。“仅次于”可以表达为only second to或second to,如“他举世无双”,译为He is second to none。
2.翻译第2句“黄河发源于……,流经……,最后流入……”时,可沿用原文的结构,译作The Yellow Riverhas its origin in…,flows through…,and finally pours itseff into…,但此种译法稍显生硬、平淡。可将“黄河发源于……”处理为状语,用介词短语With its origin in…表达,使译文主次分明。“青海、四川、甘肃、宁夏、陕西等9个省区”翻译时可以先译中心词“9个省区”,具体的省区名称可以用such as引出,作为进一步说明。“流经”、“流入渤海”,这里的“流”可译为flow,但为了避免用词重复、译文表达丰富,“流入渤海”可更换表达为enter the sea,reach the sea或pours itseff into the sea。
3.第3句中的原因状语“由于夹带了大量的泥沙”表达为because it carries a lot of silt。“呈黄色”表达为in yellow或in the color of yellow,介词in表示“处于某种状态”。
4.第4句中的“黄河流域给中华文明带来……”可直译为the Yellow River basin brings significant influ-ence to…,但这样处理不如将名词短语“巨大的影响”转译为动词短语来得简单明了,表达为the YellowRiver basin influences…significantly。
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