首页
登录
职称英语
During the Second World War, doctors tried to save severely burned pilots wit
During the Second World War, doctors tried to save severely burned pilots wit
游客
2024-01-31
44
管理
问题
During the Second World War, doctors tried to save severely burned pilots with grafts of donated skin. The grafted skin looked good for a few days, but then withered and died. Studies led by Peter Medawar—who won a 1960 Nobel Prize for his work—found that grafts of an individuals own skin did work, while those of a donor did not. We now know that the donor skin grafts failed because the recipient’s immune system recognized the grafted skin as foreign and killed it. The same process leads to the rejection of donated organs. But how does our immune system learn what is self and what is foreign?
As immunologist Daniel Davis explains in The Compatibility Gene, it is all down to specific genes—formally known as the major histocompatibility complex genes. Although our appearance, lifestyle and career path may make us feel unique, we are actually always one of a group: it is only our compatibility genes that define us as true individuals. Davis provides a well-written and easy-to-read account of the sometimes complicated biology behind the crucial genes that affect our lives so profoundly.
From early on in the evolution of life, individual cells—and later multicellular organisms— developed the ability to recognize that which was the same as them, and that which was different. Davis recounts how, when we are growing as fetuses, our compatibility genes train the immune system to recognize our own cells and tissues as "self" and so, in healthy people, they know what not to attack. Our cells are identified by the presence of unique surface molecules, coded for by the compatibility genes.
Meanwhile, our immune systems make antibodies. These are randomly generated in a kind of lottery, which means they will be able to attack a great diversity of molecules, especially those of pathogens. By chance, though, a few of these antibodies will also match the compatibility-gene molecules on our own cells. Leaving such antibodies around would be suicide—literally. To stop this, Darwinian-style selection comes into play within the immune system, eliminating any cells that produce antibodies matching "self". [br] Which of the following is the explanation of "our immune systems make antibodies"?
选项
A、Immune systems can recognize the grafted skin as foreign.
B、Immune systems have the ability to attack a great diversity of pathogens.
C、Immune systems are able to recognize that which was the same as them, and that which was different.
D、Immune systems make compatibility genes define us as true individuals.
答案
B
解析
根据题干将该题定位至文章最后一段。根据最后一段第二句These are randomly generated in a kind of lottery,which means they will be able to attack a great diversity of molecules,especially those of pathogens,可以选出正确选项B。其他三个选项都与题干无关。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3408681.html
相关试题推荐
Duringthepast34years,wagesforeveryoneatorbelowthe30percentoft
[originaltext]DoctorsforchildrenfromtheU.S.Universityhavetakenalo
[originaltext]DoctorsforchildrenfromtheU.S.Universityhavetakenalo
春节期间,人们挨家挨户去扭秧歌,庆祝新年的到来并传承老一辈传统。DuringtheSpringFestival,peoplewentfromhou
[originaltext]TheWorldCarnivalissettostartitssecondfunfairinBeij
[originaltext]TheWorldCarnivalissettostartitssecondfunfairinBeij
[originaltext]TheWorldCarnivalissettostartitssecondfunfairinBeij
[originaltext]Aninternationalteamofdoctorsandscientistsiscallingfo
[originaltext]Theshoresofthisresortcityareusuallypackedduringthe
每逢寒暑假、节假日,总会出现“一票难求”的现象。Duringthesummerandwintervacations,andnationalhol
随机试题
Wherearetheyfrom?[br][originaltext]W:Excuseme,areyoufromWashington?M
Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A、itB、which
[originaltext]Oneofthebiggestchallengesfacingemployersandeducators
Inmanypartsoftheworldcarsplayanessentialroleindailylifeandman
在ASP中,使用()对象响应客户端的请求。A.Request B.Resp
基本面分析中宏观经济指标不包括( )。A.国内生产总值 B.市场价格 C.
特种设备安装、改造、维修的施工单位应当在施工前进行书面告知,书面告知应提交的材料
女,2岁,不完全性腭裂伴腭咽闭合不全,其咽成形术应在腭成形术后进行的时限是A.0
冯·诺依曼结构指出,计算机系统是由()组成的。A:传输部件B:硬件C:存储部
机械设备就位前,按( )并依据测量控制网或相关建筑物轴线划定安装的基准线和基准点
最新回复
(
0
)