首页
登录
职称英语
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’
游客
2024-01-26
37
管理
问题
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self-evident: everything people need to be healthy—from food to medical care— costs money.
But soon it emerged that the data didn’t always fit that theory. Economic upturns didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan.
Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person, lifespans, and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth correlated with longevity. But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does. When the team put both these factors into the same mathematical model, they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy, while changes in wealth barely mattered.
Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this correlation reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also tends to lead to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also correlated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be driving longevity, as experts thought—in fact, education is driving both of them.
He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer. [br] What did economists conclude about longevity in 1975?
选项
A、Literacy influenced longevity more than wealth did.
B、Wealth itself could increase life expectancy.
C、Economic growth didn’t always mean longer life.
D、A given growth in GDP caused higher gains in longevity.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3395589.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Anelderlywomanyesterdaymadealegalclaimagainstadepar
[originaltext]Oneofthecomplaintsofcityresidents,notsurprisingly,is
[originaltext]Oneofthecomplaintsofcityresidents,notsurprisingly,is
[originaltext]Oneofthecomplaintsofcityresidents,notsurprisingly,is
[originaltext]With32countriescompetinginthemonth-longWorldCup,it’s
[originaltext]With32countriescompetinginthemonth-longWorldCup,it’s
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中
[originaltext]Insomecountriestheideaofpaternityleave---whenafatherta
Threekeyfactsaboutrisingsealevelsneedtobepointedouttotheworld’
随机试题
PassageOne[br]Whydidn’t"I"seethethreegirlsinbathingsuitsatfirst?Be
Hestandsaccusedofdestroyingthepartyin______ofhispresidentialambitions.
[originaltext]M:Lookatallthesecreamsinyourbathroom.Doyoureallyexpec
Mancannotgoonincreasinghisnumberatthepresentrate.Inthenext30ye
[originaltext]M:So,Susan,doyouhaveanythingplannedforthisSaturday?W:
索赔费用的主要组成部分同工程款的内容相似,按国际惯例一般包括()。A.直接
关于消防车道的有关要求,下列叙述错误的是( )。A.车道的净宽度和净空高度均不
诊断蛛网膜下腔出血首选的检查是A.腰椎穿刺脑脊液检查 B.CT C.MRI
患者,女性,63岁,诊断为支气管哮喘急性发作,使用布地奈德、沙丁胺醇吸入、氨茶碱
下列各项与资产相关的政府补助会计处理的表述中,正确的有( )。A.总额法下企业
最新回复
(
0
)