首页
登录
职称英语
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’
游客
2024-01-20
63
管理
问题
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self-evident: everything people need to be healthy—from food to medical care—costs money.
But soon it emerged that the data didn’t always fit that theory. Economic upturns didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan.
Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person, lifespans, and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth correlated with longevity. But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does. When the team put both these factors into the same mathematical model, they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy, while changes in wealth barely mattered.
Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this correlation reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also tends to lead to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also correlated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be driving longevity, as experts thought—in fact, education is driving both of them.
He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer. [br] Why has it been difficult to decide which factor is increasing lifespan according to Para. 2?
选项
A、Less educated people tend to be richer.
B、More educated people tend to live longer.
C、Less educated people tend to live longer.
D、More educated people tend to be richer.
答案
D
解析
推理判断题。由题干中的difficult和increasing lifespan定位至第二段最后三句。第二段最后两句提到了一个有关教育和寿命的现象,即任何国家受教育程度更高的人往往比受教育程度较低的同胞活得更久。但是这样的人往往也更富有,因此难以确定是哪个因素延长了寿命。其中最后一句中的such people指的是the more educated people,所以本题答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3379039.html
相关试题推荐
A、Becauseofthefiercecompetitionfromothercountries.B、Becauseofthelocal
[originaltext] Therisinglevelofnoiseinurbanareasmaybepreventingsome
[originaltext] Therisinglevelofnoiseinurbanareasmaybepreventingsome
[originaltext] Somecountriesmayhaveoneuniformfishinglawcoveringtheen
[originaltext] Somecountriesmayhaveoneuniformfishinglawcoveringtheen
[originaltext] (3)Inrecentmonthsastringofcountries,fromJapantoSwitz
[originaltext] Peanutsareanimportantcropinmanydevelopingcountries.But
[originaltext] Peanutsareanimportantcropinmanydevelopingcountries.But
Thetwoeconomistscalltheirpaper"MentalRetirement",andtheirargument
Thetwoeconomistscalltheirpaper"MentalRetirement",andtheirargument
随机试题
READER’SDIGEST:Whathavebeenourbiggestsuccessesandfailures?Kath
患者双输尿管结石,无尿,右肾区胀痛,并有肾脏增大,应先考虑的手术是()A.左输
患者,女,25岁。10分钟前家属发现患者在家中意识不清,四肢强直性痉挛,伴呼吸困
胎儿血液含氧量最低的血管是A.静脉导管 B.脐动脉 C.下腔静脉 D.肺静
通过制定管理制度规避培训风险,需要考虑( )。A.明确双方的权利和义务 B.
关于烧结砖,下列说法错误的是()。A:环境污染大B:施工款率低C:劳动强度大
A.二巯丙醇 B.二巯丁二钠 C.依地酸钙钠 D.青霉胺 E.亚甲蓝口服
(2019年真题)关于员工请假管理制度说法正确的是()。A.企业不得擅自增减病
债务人欲将合同的义务全部或者部分转移给第三人,则下列说法正确的是( )。A.应当
表示保存的快捷键是()。A:Ctrl+OB:Ctrl+F4C:Ctrl+W
最新回复
(
0
)