2. 职称英语
  3. People tend to have one of three beliefs about the meaning of work and which

People tend to have one of three beliefs about the meaning of work and which

游客2024-01-20  82
问题     People tend to have one of three beliefs about the meaning of work and which category you fall into largely depends on your parents, according to new research from the University of Michigan. Workers who are job-oriented are those just trying to make a living who much prefer the activities they pursue outside of the office. Career-oriented adults—your typical "workaholic"—value the social status and prestige (声望) that comes with professional achievement, and derive much of their identity from their jobs. Calling-oriented people do work that they are passionate about because they want to have a positive impact on the world.
    In the first empirical (以实验为依据的) study into how these orientations originate, researchers found that how adolescents (青少年) perceive their parents’ work ethic is central to the development of their own work attitudes.
    It’s not a straightforward transfer of values. People who perceive their father to have a strong career-orientation are more likely to be career-oriented themselves—but career-determined mothers have no effect on their kids’ work orientation. The researchers attributed this to generational gender norms. When the study’s participants were teenagers, mostly in the 1980s, men were more commonly employed outside of the home and were more likely than women to hold "career" jobs with opportunity for advancement.
    Mothers do have a notable effect on whether children have a job-orientation mentality. Adolescents who are close to their mothers are less likely to view work as just a job when they grow up, probably because they’ve been raised to value social, rather than instrumental, life experiences.
    Having both parents display the same work ethic has an amplified (增强的) influence, but only in the case of calling-oriented offspring (子女). As our capitalist society favors money and professional achievement, a child with two calling-oriented parents is more likely to have the confidence to ignore these societal pressures and pursue her dreams.
    Children can affect their parents’ work ethic, too. Allowing people to bring their children into the office has been shown to boost efficiency and productivity—and could help raise that next generation of career-oriented workers. [br] Why are children who are close to mothers less likely to be job-oriented?
选项 A、Because their mothers are not job-oriented.
B、Because their mothers value instrumental life experiences.
C、Because they are raised to be career- or calling-oriented.
D、Because they attach importance to social life experiences.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。定位句指出，和母亲关系亲密的青少年长大之后，不太会把工作仅仅看作是一个职业，这很可能是因为他们受到的教育更重视社会性的生活经历，而非实用性的。因此，D)“因为他们重视社会性的生活经历”符合原文描述，为本题答案。
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