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  3. Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal

Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal

游客2024-01-13  68
问题     Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980 the United States International Trade Commission(ITC)has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies "dumped" their products in the United States at "less than fair value." Even when no unfair practices are alleged, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief.
    Contrary to the general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop an intricate web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company.
    Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its com- petitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States company’ s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.
    Perhaps the most brazen case oc- curred when the ITC investigated allegations that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. The bizarre aspect of the com- plaint was that a foreign conglomerate with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The "United States" company claiming in- jury was a subsidiary of a Dutch conglomerate, while the "Canadian" companies included a subsidiary of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt. [br] The passage is chiefly concerned with
选项 A、arguing against the increased internationalization of United States corporations.
B、warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequences.
C、demonstrating that foreign-based firms receive more subsidies from their governments than United States firms receive from the United States government.
D、advocating the use of trade restrictions for " dumped" products but not for other imports.
E、recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices.
答案 B
解析 主题题型：A．反对美国公司日益国际化。无。B．警告影响贸易的法律使用起来常有意想不到的后果。正确。文中所说寻求进口保护反而会经常损害美国公司的利益，正是此意。C．外国公司从本国政府那里所得资助比美国公司从美国政府手里得到的多。无。D．推动反“倾销”政策，但不反对其他进口。未做这种区别。E．推荐对付不公平贸易的普遍适用方法。无。
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