In Forces of Production , David Noble examines the transformation of the mac

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问题 In Forces of Production , David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from reliance on skilled arti- sans to automation. Noble writes from a Marxist perspective, and his central argument is that management, in its decisions to automate, conspired against labor: the power that the skilled machin- ists wielded in the industry was intolerable to management. Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of " de-skilling "—the use of technology to replace skilled laboi— to the automation of the machine-tool industry. In automating, the industry moved to computer-based, digitalized " numerical-control" (N/C) technolo- gy, rather than to artisan-generated "record-playback"(R/P)technology.
Although both systems reduced reliance on skilled labor, Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowl- edgment of workers’ skills: unlike N/ C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists, who recorded their own movements to "teach" machines to duplicate those movements. However, Noble’ s only evidence of conspiracy is
that, although the two approaches were roughly equal in technical merit, management chose N/C. From this he con- cludes that automation is undertaken not because efficiency demands it or scientific advances allow it, but because it is a tool in the ceaseless war of capitalists against labor. [br] Which of the following best characterizes Forces of Production as it is described in the passage?

选项 A、A comparison of two interpretations of how a particular industry evolved.
B、An examination of the origin of a particular concept in industrial economics.
C、A study that points out the weakness of a particular interpretation of an industrial phenomenon.
D、A history of a particular industry from an ideological point of view.
E、An attempt to relate an industrial phenomenon in one industry to a similar phenomenon in another industry.

答案 D

解析哪个选项概括了Noble《生产力》这本书?A．“comparison”原文无。B．检验一概念起源。无。C．指出对于一工业现象的特定解释的弱点。这是作者本文的概括，而非Noble的意图。D．正确。从意识形态角度出发的一特定工业的历史。意识形态指“马克思主义观点”特定工业：机器工业中的自动化。E．一个工业中现象和另一工业中现象联系。无。

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