首页
登录
职称英语
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of
游客
2024-01-12
10
管理
问题
Seventeenth-century philosopher John Locke stated that as much as 99 percent of the value of any useful product can be attributed to "the effects of labor." For Locke’s intellectual heirs it was only a short step to the "labor theory of value," whose formulators held that 100 percent of the value of any product is generated by labor (the human work needed to produce goods) and that therefore the employer who appropriates any part of the product’s value as profit is practicing theft.
Although human effort is required to produce goods for the consumer market, effort is also invested in making capital goods (tools, machines, etc.), which are used to facilitate the production of consumer goods. In modern economies about one-third of the total output of consumer goods is attributable to the use of capital goods. Approximately two-thirds of the income derived from this total output is paid out to workers as wages and salaries, the remaining third serving as compensation to the owners of the capital goods. Moreover, part of this remaining third is received by workers who are shareholders, pension beneficiaries, and the like. The labor theory of value systematically disregards the productive contribution of capital goods—a failing for which Locke must bear part of the blame. [br] The author of the passage implies which of the following regarding the formulators of the labor theory of value?
选项
A、They came from a working-class background.
B、Their views were too radical to have popular appeal.
C、At least one of them was a close contemporary of Locke.
D、They were familiar with Locke’s views on the relationship between labor and the value of products.
E、They underestimated the importance of consumer goods in a modern economy.
答案
D
解析
Inference
The question asks us to identify an inference that can be made regarding the people who formulated the labor theory of value.
A Although it is plausible that the formulators of the theory may have been sympathetic with the interests of people who may be described as working class, there is no indication that the author of the passage actually has a working-class background
B Although at least some proponents of the theory have been considered radical, there is nothing in the passage that indicates this, or indicates whether or not the theory had popular appeal.
C The "short step," mentioned in the passage, from Locke’s theory of value to the labor theory of value, could seem to indicate a short step in time, whereby at least one of the formulators of the theory would be a rough contemporary of Locke. However, this would be an incorrect reading. Rather than a "step" in time, the "short step" in the passage refers to a logical step, whereby it would be a "short step" from one theory to another that resembles it in fundamental respects.
D Correct. The passage strongly suggests that the formulators of the labor theory of value were influenced by Locke’s views in certain fundamental respects. This indicates that the formulators would likely have been familiar with these views.
E Although the author of the passage suggests that proponents of the labor theory of value may have significantly underestimated the importance of capital goods in the economy, no such suggestion is made about the importance of consumer goods.
The correct answer is D.
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3357154.html
相关试题推荐
________fromthemoon,theearthwithwater________seventypercentofitssurfac
Thewatchwasverygood,andhe________20percentdownforit.A、paidB、costC、bo
Ifxdollarsareinvestedat12percentforoneyearandydollarsareinvested
Inasampleofassociatesatalawfirm,30percentaresecond-yearassociates,
Ifxis20percentgreaterthan88,thenx=A、68B、70.4C、86D、105.6E、108D20p
Inasampleofpatientsatananimalhospital,30percentarecatsand60percen
Inaclassof80people,Mary’spercentileis90%.Inanotherclassof100peopl
Ifthetemperaturedecreases30percentfrommdegreesto49degrees,thenm-49=
TownXhas50,000residents,someofwhomwereborninTownX.Whatpercentoft
Iftwolitersofasolutionthatis15percentsaltwillbeaddedto5litersof
随机试题
Astudentmustattendacertainnumberofcoursesinordertograduate,and
MemoTo:AllEmployeesFrom:BerryE.Silver,Presid
在成本领先战略中,成本管理的总体目标是在保证实现产品、服务等方面差异化的前提下,
保证金制度,就是指在期货交易中,任何交易者必须按其所买入或者卖出期货合约价值的一
Je4a3269在正常负荷电流下,流过电流保护测量元件的电流,当()。(A
305.对党员进行党性、党风教育,是党支部思想建设的重要内容,是端正党风的根本措
运维班对发现不合格或超试验周期的应隔离存放,做出(____)标识,停止使用。“备
A. B. C. D.
2016年有几个季度中国互联网宣布和完成并购案例数量都低于上季度水平?A
项目监理机构安全生产的监理行为应满足的要求不包括( )。A.编制监理规划和安全
最新回复
(
0
)