首页
登录
职称英语
As the political consequences of Nazism and the liberal tone of the
As the political consequences of Nazism and the liberal tone of the
游客
2024-01-11
41
管理
问题
As the political consequences of Nazism and the liberal tone of the postwar
world proved inhospitable to Darwinist thinking, so the disintegration of the
postwar order, the end of traditional leftwing politics, a growing social
Line conservatism and disillusionment with the idea of social progress has led to its
(5) return. As anthropologist Foley expounded, the history of the twentieth
century has transformed our vision of humanity, leading to a loss of confidence
in the notion that humans may be raised on a taxonomical pedestal above the
swamp of animal brutishness. In deriding any social explanation of human
behavior, and implying that emotions are biologically shaped, hence universal,
(10) scientists have come to odds with cultural anthropologists, who ridicule any
biological interpretation of human behavior and view humans in strictly cultural
terms.
There is convincing evidence that the anthropologists are correct, for even
something as fundamental as an emotion is far more than simply an evolutionary
(15) trait, given that only some emotions—anger, disgust, sadness, enjoyment and
fear—are known to be universal, while others, such as jealousy and envy, vary
in their expression and are arguably not emotions at all. Even emotions known
to be universal cannot be regarded as simply "natural", given that the evocation
of a particular emotion is both culturally and historically specific. The
(20) connotation of anger or sadness and the elicitors of these emotions may vary
across cultures and throughout human history. There are also culturally bound
"display rules", often unconscious, which dictate the means or time of
displaying emotion. For instance, Japanese and American students are privately
shown very similar emotions in response to similar stimuli, but their public
(25) expressions are far from identical, a fact that may owe to the Japanese cultural
tendency of remaining demure in public expression.
Even more contentious is the question of what emotions animals possess, of
whether they are aware of such emotions, and of the relationship between
animal responses and human emotions. The way of responding to these debates
(30) depends as much upon one’s philosophical inclinations as on the facts: scientists
philosophically disposed to minimize the gap between humans and animals are
more likely to perceive animals as having emotions, as being aware of them,
while those anthropologists who seek an unbridgeable gap between humanity
and lower life forms are likely to see appreciable differences between human
(35) emotions and animal responses. Thus, the scientific idea of the human is not
simply an objective truth, but shaped by wider issues such as the prevailing
ideas of progress, notions of racial difference, and the comprehension of the
relationship between Man and Nature. All that may safely be concluded is that
what constitutes a human is not only innate, but also nurtured. [br] Which of the following hypothetical scientific discoveries would best support the cultural relativist view of emotion?
选项
A、Biological differences are noted in the parts of the brain governing emotional expressions in various races.
B、Animals are discovered to express fear or excitement in an emotional manner when threatened.
C、Japanese students are found to express certain emotions in a manner identical to Chinese students.
D、African tribesmen are unable to identify the emotional facial expressions on actors in a film with Western characters.
E、The rules governing the expression of emotion can be expressed and translated from one language to another.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3353316.html
相关试题推荐
SinceMayorDrabblealwaysrepaysherpoliticaldebtsassoonaspossible,shew
Thereislittlepointinlookingtoartistsforinsightsintopoliticalissues.
ManifestationsofIslamicpoliticalmilitancyinthefirstperiodofreligiousr
WoodrowWilsonwasreferringtotheliberalideaoftheeconomicmarketwhen
WoodrowWilsonwasreferringtotheliberalideaoftheeconomicmarketwhen
WoodrowWilsonwasreferringtotheliberalideaoftheeconomicmarketwhen
WoodrowWilsonwasreferringtotheliberalideaoftheeconomicmarketwhen
Studiesofthepoliticalorientationsof1,055collegestudentsrevealedthatth
PoliticalAdvertisement:MayorDelmont’scriticscomplainaboutthejobsthatwe
A、alackofpoliticalwillwithinunderprivilegedcommunitiestocountertheeco
随机试题
FormanyAmericans,summerisatimetoputonswimwearandspendtimeatt
商业银行的各类负债业务中,最核心的业务是()。A.同业拆入业务 B.资金业
李某,女性,30岁。饱食后出现脘腹胀满疼痛,拒按,嗳腐吞酸,厌食呕恶,痛而欲泄,
可在人工培养基中生长的对人类有致病作用的立克次体是( )。A.立克次体属 B
苏霍姆林斯基曾说过:“一个好的教师,是一个懂得心理学和教育学的人。”这里他强调的
有关乳牙滞留的描述,错误的是A.继承恒牙已萌出,乳牙未按时脱落 B.乳牙滞留应
在对某社区进行社区口腔保健宣讲时,首先要讲明老年人口腔保健的策略主要是A.自我保
在农村经营管理统计中,农民专业合作社本年度为成员统一销售农产品总量占成员当年销售
在填制会计凭证时,¥2353.62元的大写金额数字为()。A.人民币贰仟叁
根据《节约能源法》,关于我国建筑节能措施的说法,正确的是()A:新建筑必须安装和
最新回复
(
0
)