首页
登录
职称英语
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global
游客
2024-01-11
22
管理
问题
Scientists studying the effect of large volcanic eruptions on global climate
have long focused on the major quantities of carbon dioxide (C02), a gas known
to contribute to the greenhouse effect, produced by these eruptions. It is well
Line observed that such greenhouse gases trap heat radiated from the surface of the
(5) earth, thereby forming a type of insulation around the planet. The greenhouse
effect is essential for ecological equipoise because it maintains the temperature
of the planet within habitable parameters, but there is growing concern that
man-made production of gases such as CO~ from the burning of fossil fuels may
be threatening the system’s tolerance, and have resulted in excessive warming
(10) on a global scale.
While volcanic eruptions indubitably metabolize and accumulate C02 in the
atmosphere, it has been recently discovered that their impact is virtually trivial
compared to the quantity produced by human activities, especially heavy
industry. In reality, the more substantive climatic effect from volcanoes results
(15) from the production of atmospheric haze, whereby large eruption columns inject
ash particles and sulfur-rich gases into the troposphere and stratosphere, clouds
that circumscribe the globe within weeks of the volcanic activity. Ash and
aerosol clouds from large volcanic eruptions disseminate quickly through the
atmosphere, and the small ash particles decrease the amount of sunlight
(20) reaching the surface of the earth and lower average global temperatures, while
the sulfurous gases combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic
aerosols that also absorb incoming solar radiation and scatter it back out into
space.
There is evidence that volcanoes’ stratospheric ash clouds has a lesser
(25) effect on global temperatures than aerosol clouds, given that the major Mt. St.
Helens eruption had lowered global temperatures by about 0.1 degree C, while
two years later the much smaller eruption of El Chico had, by contrast, three to
five times the global cooling effect worldwide. Despite its smaller ash cloud, El
Chico emitted more than 40 times the volume of sulfur-rich gases produced by
(30) Mt. St. Helens, revealing that the formation of atmospheric sulfur aerosols has
a more substantial effect on global temperatures than simply the volume of ash
produced during an eruption. Sulfate aerosols appear to necessitate several
years to settle out of the atmosphere, one of the reasons their effects are so
widespread and enduring. This corroborates the opinion of those scientists who
(35) argue that without the cooling effect of major volcanic eruptions such as E1
Chico, global warming effects caused by human activities would be far more
substantial. It should be noted that major volcanic eruptions have additional
climatic effects beyond global temperature decreases and acid rain, for ash and
aerosol particles suspended in the atmosphere scatter light of red wavelengths,
(40) often resulting in brilliantly colored sunsets and sunrises around the world. [br] The passage suggests that the effects of volcanic carbon dioxide on the environment differ from those of sulfurous gases in that
选项
A、carbon dioxide tends to alleviate environmental haze, while sulfurous gases usually increase it
B、carbon dioxide tends to increase temperatures by trapping sunlight, while sulfurous gases tend to decrease temperatures by blocking it
C、carbon dioxide tends to have an effect on the environment, while sulfurous gases for the most part do not
D、sulfurous gases have played an even more significant role than carbon dioxide in pushing environmental temperatures outside the habitable range
E、sulfurous gases tend to decrease the level of solar radiation outside the earth’s atmosphere, while carbon dioxide plays only a negligible role
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3352836.html
相关试题推荐
A、neuraldegenerationmayoccurtooearlyforscientiststobeabledrawmanyus
Althoughscientistshavelong______thehumanappendixas______organ,therei
A、whollyeffective,buttypicallyignoredB、inexpensive,butinsufficientlyusef
Althoughsomescientists______thecredibilityoftheworkoftheirassistants,
Scientistshavelongsoughtthereasonsfortherelativelyyoungageof
A、Amanlooksinamirrorand,asaresult,oftheeffectofcognition,seeshis
Scientistshaveacknowledgedthattointerpretananimal’sthoughtprocessesin
A、Asmallpopulationwithlowconsumptionrates,consideredgloballyB、Alargep
A、entirelysuperfluousB、globallyconsistentC、notwhollyexplanatoryD、supremel
A、The"slingeffect"remainsunprovenandrequiresexperimentalcorroboration.B
随机试题
Manytypesoflilieswithornateblossomsarecultivatedfortheirbeauty.A、mess
NoEnglishmanbelievesinworkingfrombooklearning.Hesuspectseverything
[originaltext]M:I’dliketotakethosethreeoutandreturnthesetwo.W:Okay
DearSir,IwillgraduatefromShanghaiUniversityofInternationalBusiness
A.与GABA受体亚单位结合 B.增强GABA能神经传递和突触抑制 C.减慢
标志断路器开合短路故障能力的数据是()额定短路开合电流的峰值;最大单相短路电流;
下列对担保人的条件,说法错误的是()。A:具有完全的民事权利能力和民事行为能力
下列关于卖出看跌期权的说法中,正确的是()。A.交易者预期标的资产价格下跌,可
以纳税人的国籍和住所为标准确定国家行使税收管辖权范围的原则是()。A.属地主义
目前安防监控系统中,模拟视频信号大约为()或更高带宽的基带视频信号。A.4MHz
最新回复
(
0
)