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  3. Historian Sheilagh Ogilvie challenges the view that training by European cra

Historian Sheilagh Ogilvie challenges the view that training by European cra

游客2024-01-10  2
问题     Historian Sheilagh Ogilvie challenges the view that training by European craft guilds from 1560 to 1760 was necessary. Her main evidence, however, is based only on female employment in one guild. Like most other guilds, the Wildberg weaver’s guild banned women from becoming masters; however, it exempted master’s widow. Indeed, widows accounted for 14 percent of all masters. Ogilvie claims that these “untrained” widow prove “the irrelevance of training.” But Wildberg master-widows were not untrained for, as Ogilvie notes elsewhere, wives and children worked with masters, their training may have been informal, but it existed nevertheless. At least 80 percent of widows were married to masters for longer than the standard six-year apprenticeship, an unknown proportion of the remainder had grown up in weaving families. [br] In context, the primary function of the final sentence of the passage is to
选项 A、provide evidence to undermine a central claim in Ogilvie’s argument
B、summarize the most important aspects of the data Ogilvie cites to support her analysis.
C、illustrate how the Wildberg weavers’ guild differed from other craft guilds of the period.
D、quantify the amount of formal training typically received by Wildberg master weavers.
E、clarify an ambiguity in the status of master-widows as guild members.
答案 A
解析 本题是功能题，正确答案是定位句3s版本，即“这些遗孀经受的是潜移默化的培训”。a central claim对应“不需要培训”这一观点，undermine则说明“需要培训”，与定位句3s版本一致。同时，最后一句话是客观事实，因此对应evidence。B项定位句用来反驳奥格尔维，而非总结。C项本文没有讨论维尔德堡和其他行会的不同。D项表述错误，遗孀经受的培训应该是不正规的。E项文章没讨论遗孀的地位。
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