首页
登录
职称英语
Economics[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0192_20121[/img] [br] Listen again to
Economics[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0192_20121[/img] [br] Listen again to
游客
2024-01-04
64
管理
问题
Economics
[br] Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:
In this course, we’ll look at the basic problems every economy must face. We’ll focus on the modern industrial economy, and how it solves the problems of what, how, and for whom goods are produced. We’ll examine the market mechanism, how the problems of production are solved through a system of markets and prices.
The market system isn’t perfect. In fact, it’s far from perfect, but it’s one way to solve the problems of production. Let me just say one thing before we go on. No human economy today is purely a market economy. What we have in most capitalist societies today is known as a mixed economy.
In a mixed economy, the markets and the government share economic control over the direction of the market. The government has an important role in regulating business activity. A pure market system would have no government intervention—just consumers and businesses interacting through markets to determine the answers to the basic questions of economic organization.
OK. It’s essential to understand how a pure market system works. Basically, it works like this: consumers are kind of like voters. They use their money like votes to buy what they want. My votes compete with your votes over the goods we both want to buy. The consumers with the most dollar votes have the most influence over what gets produced and to whom goods go. In economics, the consumer is king.
The consumer is like a king—or a dictator, really, if we’re talking about a pure market system. In a pure market, the consumer would dictate the type and quantity and price of the goods that get produced. Of course, it’s not exactly like that in the real world because real consumers don’t always have complete information about goods, and, of course, real consumers can be influenced by advertising.
OK. Let’s take a look at how the consumer’s money votes operate in the marketplace. What I mean is, we’ll examine the theory of the two central economic forces: supply and demand, and how they influence each other and are eventually brought into balance by the price of the good.
First, let’s consider demand. In economics, "demand" refers to the amount of a good or service that people are ready to buy. Generally speaking, the quantity that people will buy depends on the price. The higher the price of a good, the less of it people will buy. The lower the price, the more they’ll buy. So you can see there’s a definite relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded. The connection between price and quantity is clear. When the price of a good is raised, consumer demand for it goes down. But when the price falls, demand increases, as more people will be willing and able to buy it at a lower price.
OK. That’s demand. Now, what about supply? In economics, "supply" means how much of a good producers are willing to supply. Goods are supplied by businesses. Businesses—if they’re competitive—they don’t supply goods for fun. They supply goods for profit. They’ll supply more of a good when the price is high because it’s more profitable to do so. But when the price is low, producers will choose to supply some other more profitable good instead.
I’ve just given you the briefest summary of market economics. Tomorrow we’ll look at just how supply and demand work in a real-world mixed economy. We’ll see how the market price of a good is a function of supply and demand ... how the price is a sort of agreement between the people who sell a good and the people who buy it.
选项
A、To complain about government’s power over business
B、To give examples of economic organizations
C、To criticize the unfairness of the capitalist system
D、To contrast a pure market economy with a mixed economy
答案
D
解析
Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question.
"In a mixed economy, the markets and the government share economic control over the direction of the market. The government has an important role in regulating business activity. A pure market system would have no government intervention—just consumers and businesses interacting through markets to determine the answers to the basic questions of economic organization." Why does the professor say this:
"A pure market system would have no government intervention just consumers and businesses interacting through markets to determine the answers to the basic questions of economic organization."
The professor’s purpose is to contrast a pure market economy with a mixed economy. First, the professor mentions the government’s important role in regulating business activity in a mixed economy. Then she states that a pure market system would have no government intervention, showing the contrast between the two systems. (2.3)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3333938.html
相关试题推荐
Listentothedirectionsandmatchtheplacesinquestions11-15totheappropri
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br]【L37】[originaltext]Nowlistencaref
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br]【L36】[originaltext]Nowlistencaref
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br]【L34】[originaltext]Nowlistencaref
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br][originaltext]Nowlistencarefully
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br][originaltext]Nowlistencarefully
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br][originaltext]Nowlistencarefully
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br][originaltext]Nowlistencarefully
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,orC.[br][originaltext]Nowlistencarefully
ChoosethecorrectletterA,BorC.[br]【L30】[originaltext]Nowlistencareful
随机试题
______,thefactorieshadnotclosed,andthosewhoneededworkmostweregiven
A--operatingsystemB--outputdeviceC--password
【B1】[br]【B9】[audioFiles]audio_eufm_j63_007(20082)[/audioFiles]whoisasimpor
道教(Taoism),同儒家思想(Confucianism)一样,是土生土长的中国宗教。它与儒学和佛学并称“三教”,是中国哲学的重要组成部分之一。中国的
肌酸激酶同工酶的种类有A.3种 B.4种 C.5种 D.6种 E.2种
某公司中标一个企业信息化系统开发项目,合同中该项目包括:人事系统、OA系统和生产
下列哪题不是高血压病的并发症A.短暂性脑缺血发作 B.脑血栓形成 C.脑出血
某施工企业于2002年承建单位办公楼,2003年4月竣工验收合格并交付使用。20
非税收入的“三权”属性是指( )。A.所有权属国家,使用权归政府,管理权在财政
股票出质后,不得转让,但经出质人与质权人协商同意的可以转让;出质人转让股票所得价
最新回复
(
0
)