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NarratorListen to part of a lecture in an architecture class.Now get ready to
NarratorListen to part of a lecture in an architecture class.Now get ready to
游客
2024-01-03
40
管理
问题
Narrator
Listen to part of a lecture in an architecture class.
Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. [br] Who were the designers of the buildings since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies?
Narrator
Listen to part of a lecture in an architecture class.
Professor
Seventeenth century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional, carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.
Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who attempted to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. Inventories of colonial libraries show an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application.
Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design no matter whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material.
A few houses in New England were built of stone, but only in Pennsylvania and adjacent areas were stone widely used in dwellings. An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland, but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners. In the Carolinas, even in closely packed Charleston, Wooden houses were much more common than brick houses.
Eighteenth century houses showed great interior improvements over their predecessors. Windows were made larger and shutters removed. Large, clear panes replaced the small leaded glass of the seventeenth century. Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were made of plaster or wood, sometimes elaborately paneled. White paint began to take the place of blues, yellows, and greens and lead colors, which had been popular for walls in the earlier years. After about 1730, advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.
Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer.
18. What structures were adopted in seventeenth century colonies?
19. When did houses begin to show a new elegance?
20. Who were the designers of the buildings since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies?
Listen again to part of the lecture, then answer the question.
Professor
Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design no matter whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material.
21. What does the professor imply?
22. According to the professor, which is NOT an interior design improvement for eighteenth century houses?
23. The influence demonstrated by the houses during the eighteenth century was mainly from imported architectural manuals. Where were these manuals imported from?
选项
A、Amateur designers and carpenters.
B、Architecture professors.
C、Architects and designers.
D、Building companies.
答案
A
解析
本题仍为细节题。题目问:在殖民时期既然建筑不被认为是一项专业技能,那么谁是建筑的设计者?根据听力材料的第二段第一句“Since architecture was not yet a specializedprofession in the colonies,the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or tocarpenters who attempted to interpret architectural manuals imported from England(在殖民时期既然建筑不被认为是一项专业技能,设计房屋的工作就由业余设计师、木匠来承担,他们设法解释从英国进口来的建筑手册)”,由此得知,选项A(业余设计师和木匠)为正确答案,其他选项均不符合文章内容,因此不予选择。
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