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  3. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed

游客2023-12-31  72
问题     Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people)focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories【C1】______on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【C2】______they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3】______with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in【C4】______to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,【C5】______as a rejection of middle, class values.
    Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 【C6】______the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes【C7】______lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C8】______to criticism.
    Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C9】______juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【C10】______to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment【C11】______make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C12】______lead more youths into criminal behavior.
    Families have also【C13】______changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;【C14】______, children are likely to have less supervision at home【C15】______was common in the traditional family【C16】______. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【C17】______causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased【C18】______of drugs and alcohol, and the growing【C19】______of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C20】______a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. [br] 【C16】
选项 A、system
B、structure
C、concept
D、heritage
答案 B
解析 本题要求判断family后接什么中心名词。此题有几个线索，第一个线索在上一题中也提到，即空格所在句子中的比较级。从中可分析出：the traditional family 106families consist of one-parent households or two working parents是相对照的，后者为现代家庭的组成方式即结构，那么前者空格处也应相应地填入一个表“结构”含义的词。第二个线索离得比较远，第三段首句提到changes in the social structure，接下来依次提到changes in the economy和families have also experienced changes，因此后面两个变化是第一个变化的分述，即从社会结构谈到经济结构和家庭结构，而且后面提到的“单亲和双职工家庭”等也确实是在谈论家庭结构问题，因此空格处应填入这个不止一次出现的关键词structure。
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