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Philanthropy It has beco

游客2023-12-25  29
问题                                                     Philanthropy
    It has become an American tradition that those who attain great wealth return some of it to the public through philanthropy. An early example of this was the generosity of Amos Lawrence of Massachusetts, a wealthy merchant who in the 1830s and afterwards contributed much money for famine relief in Ireland. He also donated generously to educational and other humanitarian causes.
    In the early years of the twentieth century several men who had amassed vast【C1】________likewise became great philanthropists. Andrew Carnegie, an exceptionally energetic man,【C2】________has begun working twelve hours a day when he was only fourteen years old,【C3】________one of the world’s richest men by pioneering in the steel【C4】________. After his retirement in 1900 he devoted his time and his wealth to the【C5】________of free public libraries. He also set up foundations for medical research and【C6】________world peace. Carnegie’s belief, as he expressed it in an essay, was【C7】________the wealthy person must "consider all surplus revenues【C8】________come to him simply as "trust funds" which is strictly bound as a matter of【C9】________to administer in the manner best calculated to produce the most【C10】________results for the community—the man of wealth thus becoming the mere【C11】________and agent for his poorer brethren. "
    John@D@Rockefeller, who also began as a poor boy, became【C12】________rich through oil refineries and other enterprises. In his【C13】________age, in the early 1900"s, he began to donate millions for beneficial【C14】________. The various Rockefeller Foundations support research as well as【C15】________causes in the United States and in other parts of the world. Rockefeller funds are now fighting hunger through the so-called "green revolution, " whereby new agricultural techniques have greatly multiplied the yield of food crops in Mexico, India, Pakistan, and parts of Africa.
    Through the Ford Foundation, and based on automobile profits, Henry Ford Ⅱ donated $500 million in 1950 to universities and hospitals for improving education and health. This likewise became a world-famous foundation, whose activities have spread far and wide. Some of this money was effectively spend fight cholera and typhus in far-off Nepal. [br] 【C4】
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