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[originaltext] One of the most popular myths about the United States in the
[originaltext] One of the most popular myths about the United States in the
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2023-12-25
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问题
One of the most popular myths about the United States in the 19th century was that of the free and simple life of the farmers. It was said that the farmers worked hard on their own land to produce whatever their families needed. They might sometimes trade with their neighbors, but in general they could get along just fine by relying on themselves, not on commercial ties with others. This was how Thomas Jefferson idealized the farmers at the beginning of the 19th century. And at that time, this might have been close to the truth especially on the frontier. But by the mid century sweeping changes in agriculture were well underway as farmers began to specialize in raising crops such as cotton or corn or wheat. By late in the century, revolutionary advances in farm machinery have vastly increased production of specialized crops and an extensive network of railroads had linked farmers throughout the country to markets in the east. By raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer goods and achieve a much higher standard of living but at a price. Now farmers are no longer dependent just on the weather and their own effort, their lives are increasingly controlled by banks, which have the power to grant or deny loans for new machinery, and by the railroads, which set the rates for shipping their crops to the market. As businessmen, farmers now have to worry about national economic depressions and the influence of world supply and demand on, for example, the price of wheat in Kansas. By the end of the 19th century, the era of Jefferson’s independent farmer had come to a close.
选项
A、Prices for farm produce rose.
B、Farmers became more dependent on loans from banks.
C、Jefferson established government programs to assist farmers.
D、Farmers relied less on foreign markets.
答案
B
解析
根据文章第七句“...revolutionary advances in farm machinery have vastly increased production of specialized crops...”及第八句“By raising and selling specialized crops...achieve a much higher standard of living but at a price.”可知,其逻辑关系是农业机械化的进步使专门作物的产量提高,而种植和销售该作物又可提高农民的生活水平,但这种变化也使农民付出了代价。后面具体列举了各项事实,实际上就是前面变化产生的结果,其中包括选项 b的内容,因此该项是正确答案。
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