首页
登录
职称英语
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most
游客
2023-12-22
8
管理
问题
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The factors favoring unionization drives seem to have been either the presence of large numbers of workers, as in New York City, to make it worth the effort, or the concentration of small numbers in one or two locations, such as a hospital, to make it relatively easy. Receptivity to unionization on the workers’ part was also a consideration, but when there were large numbers involved or the clerical workers were the only unorganized group in a jurisdiction, the multioccupational unions would often try to organize them regardless of the workers’ initial receptivity. The strategic reasoning was based, first, on the concern that politicians and administrators might play off unionized against nonunionized workers, and, second, on the conviction that a fully unionized public work force meant power, both at the bargaining table and in the legislature. In localities where clerical workers were few in number, were scattered in several workplaces, and expressed no interest in being organized, unions more often than not ignored them in the pre-1975 period.
But since the mid-1970s, a different strategy has emerged. In 1977, 34 percent of government clerical workers were represented by a labor organization, compared with 46-percent of government professionals, 44 percent of government blue-collar workers, and 41 percent of government service workers. Since then, however, the biggest increases in public-sector unionization have been among clerical workers. Between 1977 and 1980, the number of unionized government workers in blue-collar and service occupations increased only about 1.5 percent, while in the white-collar occupations the increase was 20 percent and among clerical workers in particular, the increase was 22 percent.
What accounts for this upsurge in unionization among clerical workers? First, more women have entered the work force in the past few years, and more of them plan to remain working until retirement age. Consequently, they are probably more concerned than their predecessors were about job security and economic benefits. Also, the women’s movement has succeeded in legitimizing the economic and political activism of women on their own behalf, thereby producing a more positive attitude toward unions. The absence of any comparable increase in unionization among private-sector clerical workers, however, identifies the primary catalyst—the structural change in the multioccupational public-sector unions themselves. Over the past twenty years, the occupational distribution in these unions has been steadily shifting from predominantly blue-collar to predominantly white-collar. Because there are far more women in white-collar jobs, an increase in the proportion of female members has accompanied the occupational shift and has altered union policy-making in favor of organizing women and addressing women’s issues. [br] According to the passage, the public-sector workers who were most likely to belong to unions in 1977 were______.
选项
A、professionals
B、managers
C、clerical workers
D、service workers
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3296024.html
相关试题推荐
Whichcountryexertsmosteffortsineducationalreform?[br][originaltext]
Whichcountryexertsmosteffortsineducationalreform?[br][originaltext]
Whichcountryexertsmosteffortsineducationalreform?[br][originaltext]
Whichcountryexertsmosteffortsineducationalreform?[br][originaltext]
Whichcountryexertsmosteffortsineducationalreform?[originaltext]Charte
What’sthemotivationtoknowaboutcoworkers’lives?[br][originaltext]To
What’sthemotivationtoknowaboutcoworkers’lives?[originaltext]Tokeept
[originaltext]MostAmericanworkers,especiallythoseinprofessionaloccup
[originaltext]MostAmericanworkers,especiallythoseinprofessionaloccup
[originaltext]W:I’mnotsurprisedthatfactoryworkerswantshorterhours.
随机试题
[originaltext]Thereisprobablynothingmoremysteriousandwonderful-looki
“职能鉴定论”的核心观点,就是档案文件的价值取决于产生机关的职能及其在政府机关体
在B区内柱顶与屋面转折处共需设置几道通长的屋面刚性系杆?() A.2
土质路基的压实原则是()。A.先轻后重、先静后振、先低后高、先慢后快,轮迹重叠
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性: A
患儿,男性,4岁,因怀疑先天性心脏病就诊。该患儿口唇黏膜青紫,轻度杵状指(趾),
门诊药房实行A.大窗口发药 B.单剂量配发药品 C.大窗口或柜台式发药 D
两列变量中有一列是等距或等比测量数据,且服从正态分布,另一列变量是二分称名变量,
(2010年真题)劳务派遣用工单位应承担的法定义务包括()。A.应当向被派
我国“十一五”规划纲要提出了若干经济社会发雇目标,其中有() A.国内生产总
最新回复
(
0
)