______ [originaltext]Passage 1: In many Western societies, including the Uni

游客2023-12-21  21

问题 ______  
Passage 1:
   In many Western societies, including the United States, a person who does not maintain "good eye contact" is regarded as being slightly suspicious. Americans unconsciously associate people who avoid eye contact as unfriendly, insecure, untrustworthy, inattentive and impersonal. However, in contrast, Japanese children are taught in school to direct their gaze at the region of their teacher’s neck or tie knot, and, as adults, Japanese lower their eyes when speaking to a superior, which is a gesture of respect. Latin American cultures, as well as some African cultures, have longer looking time, but prolonged eye contact from an individual of lower status is considered disrespectful.
Passage 2
   In the United States today, many college graduates claim bankruptcy so that they can avoid repaying money they borrowed from the federal government to finance their education. In fact, more than 300,000 student borrowers now owed the government over $ 500 million. Statistics show that students are not good risks. Whereas the student default rate now stands at over 12 percent, banks report that nonstudent loan delinquency seldom exceeds 3 percent. Apparently, the lack of money is not the only reason for nonpayment. A US government department found that 300 of its employees, some currently earning up to $ 63,000, had defaulted on student loans.

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答案 在许多西方社会,也包括美国在内,一个不同他人眼光对视/不正视他人的人会被认为是有点可疑的。美国人会下意识地/很自然地/习惯性地认为那些避免眼光对视的人是不友好的,不慎重的,不可靠的,不专一的,不随和的。然而,与此完全不同的是日本儿童,他们在学校里就被要求只能凝视教师的颈部或领结;长大以后,日本人在同上司说话时会垂下眼光/眼睛朝下,以示尊重。在拉丁美洲以及一些非洲社会,人们会有更长时间的眼光对视/正视,但是,米自一个下属的的长时间的正视/眼光对视被认为是藐视(他人)。

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