2. 职称英语
  3. Cooperation is the only safeguard we have against the development of neurotic

Cooperation is the only safeguard we have against the development of neurotic

游客2023-12-21  8
问题    Cooperation is the only safeguard we have against the development of neurotic tendencies. It is therefore very important that children should be trained and encouraged in cooperation, and should be allowed to find their own way amongst children of their own age, in common tasks and shared games. Any barrier to cooperation will have serious consequences. The spoilt child, for example, who has learned to be interested only in himself, will take this lack of interest in others to school with him. His lessons will interest him only in so far as he thinks he can gain his teacher’s favor. He will listen only to what he considers advantageous to himself. As he approaches adulthood, the result of his lack of social feeling will become more and more evident. When he first misconstrued the meaning of life, he ceased training himself for responsibility and independence. By now he is painfully ill-equipped for life’s tests and difficulties.
   We cannot blame a child for his early mistakes. We can only help him to correct them and remember them when he begins to suffer the consequences. We do not expect a child who has never been taught geography to score high marks in an examination paper on the subject. Similarly, we cannot expect a child who has never been trained in cooperation to respond appropriately when tasks that demand cooperation are set before him. But all of life’s problems demand an ability to cooperate if they are to be resolved; every task must be mastered within the framework of human society and in a way that furthers human welfare. Only the individual who understands that life means contribution will be able to meet his difficulties with courage and with a good chance of success.
   If teachers, parents and psychologists understand the mistakes that can be made in ascribing a meaning to life, and provided they do not make the same mistakes themselves, we can be confident that children who lack social feeling will eventually develop a better sense of their own capacities and of the opportunities in life. When they meet problems, they will not stop trying; they will not look for an easy way out, try to escape or throw the burden onto the shoulders of others; they will not demand extra consideration or special sympathy; they will not feel humiliated and seek revenge, or ask, "What is the use of life? What do I get from it? They will say, "We must make our own lives. It is our own task and we are capable of performing it. We are masters of our own actions. If something new must be done or something old replaced, no one can do it but our selves. "If life is approached in this way, as a cooperation of independent human beings, them are no limits to the progress of our human ’civilization. [br] Which of the following is NOT what the author means by construing the meaning of life?
选项 A、We can train ourselves for responsibility and independence.
B、We can live a meaningful life by contribution.
C、We can face life’s tests and difficulties with courage.
D、Individuals can acquire more material things from others.
答案 D
解析 从文章第一段最后一句可以看出，如果一个孩子误解了生活的含义，那么他就不再对自己进行责任心、独立性方面的训练，从而也就经受不了生活中的困难和挫折。而construe正是misconstrue的反义词，如果一个孩子能正确地理解生活的含义，就应该能有积极意义的结果。这四个选择项中，[A]，[B]和[C]都是肯定的，只有[D]，“个人从他人那里获得更多的物质利益”属于消极的后果，与construe的含义相反，因此[D]为正确答案。
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