首页
登录
职称英语
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lac
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lac
游客
2023-12-20
9
管理
问题
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of discrimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do. The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machine’s "intelligence" on the details of its own perceptions--its inability to be guided by any large con text. In a psychological description of the computer intelligence, three related adjectives come to mind. single minded, literal-minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing this, we should at the same time recognize that this single-mindedness, literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also characterizes theoretical mathematics, though to a lesser extent.
Since science tries to deal with reality, even the most precise sciences normally work with more or less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists must maintain an appropriate skepticism. Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom, but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin, magnetic dipole, and relativistic effects; and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field--theoretical equations.
Physicists, looking at the original Schrodinger equation, learn to sense in it the presence of many invisible terms in addition to the differential terms visible, and this sense inspires an entirely appropriate disregard for the purely technical features of the equation. This very healthy skepticism is foreign to the mathematical approach. Mathematics must deal with well-defined situations. Thus, mathematicians depend on an intellectual effort outside of mathematics for the crucial specification of the approximation that mathematics is to take liter ally. Give mathematicians a situation that is the least bit ill-defined, and they will make it well-defined, perhaps appropriately, but perhaps inappropriately. In some cases, the mathematicians’ literal-mindedness may have unfortunate consequences. The mathematicians turn the scientists’ theoretical assumptions, that is, their convenient points of analytical emphasis, into axioms, and then take these axioms literally. This brings the danger that they may also persuade the scientists to take these axioms literally. The question, central to the scientific investigation but intensely disturbing in the mathematical context--what happens if the axioms are relaxed?--is thereby ignored.
The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. [br] According to the author, how is the approach of physicists to solving scientific problems?
选项
A、Practical for scientific purposes.
B、Detrimental to scientific progress.
C、Unimportant in most situations.
D、Expedient, but of little long-term value.
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。线索在原文第三段。作者比较物理学家和数学家对研究的不同态度和方法。物理学家关注看得见和看不见的各种因素。因此正确答案是A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3290884.html
相关试题推荐
TheLakeDistrictinnorth-westEnglandisanarearemarkablylittleaffecte
TheLakeDistrictinnorth-westEnglandisanarearemarkablylittleaffecte
TheLakeDistrictinnorth-westEnglandisanarearemarkablylittleaffecte
Largepartsoftheworldhavenotenjoyedtheremarkableglobalprogressin
Largepartsoftheworldhavenotenjoyedtheremarkableglobalprogressin
Largepartsoftheworldhavenotenjoyedtheremarkableglobalprogressin
Largepartsoftheworldhavenotenjoyedtheremarkableglobalprogressin
[originaltext]Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopl
[originaltext]Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopl
[originaltext]Today,I’dliketoprefacemyremarksfromastoryfrommyown
随机试题
InaChineseuniversityorcollege,astudentissometimesobligedtosharea
Thisistheonlydaythathe(enjoy)______inhislifereally.hasenjoyed这是惟一让他
对腮腺的外形描述,下列正确的是A.形态规则,大致呈椭圆形 B.上下长约3cm
根据《银行业金融机构信息科技外包风险监管指引》,信息科技外包可能产生风险,下列属
某男,52岁。由肝气郁结而致脘腹胁痛、热厥手足不温、泻痢下重。宜选用的中成药是A
下列情形中,纳税人需要到税务机关申报办理注销税务登记的是()。A.增设或撤销分
部门预算的原则不包括()。A.真实性原则 B.科学性原则 C.独
关于温度取源部件安装位置的说法,正确的是()。A.宜选在阀门等阻力部件处
我国采用黄海平均海平面是()验潮站测得的。A.上海 B.广州 C.青岛
NADH呼吸链的组成不包括( )。A.FMN B.辅酶Q C.细胞色素C
最新回复
(
0
)