首页
登录
职称英语
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its cor
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its cor
游客
2023-12-19
9
管理
问题
During the reign of Augustus the Rome army became a professional one. Its core of legionaires was composed of Roman citizens who served for a minimum of twenty five years. Augustus in his reign tried to eliminate the loyalty of the legions to the generals who commanded them, forcing them to take an oath of allegiance directly to him. While the legions remained relatively loyal to Augustus during his reign, under others, especially the more corrupt emperors or those who unwisely treated the military poorly, the legions often took power into their own hands. Legions continued to move farther and farther to the outskirts of society, especially in the later periods of the empire as the majority of legionaires no longer came from Italy, and were instead born in the provinces. The loyalty the legions felt to their emperor only degraded more with time, and lead in the 2nd Centry and 3rd Century to a large number of military usurpers and civil wars. By the time of the military officer emperors that characterized the period following the Crisis of the Third Century the Roman army was just as likely to be attacking itself as an outside invader.
Both the pre-and post-Marian armies were greatly assisted by auxiliary troops. A typical Roman legion was accompanied by a matching auxiliary legion. In the pre-Marian army these auxiliary troops were Italians, and often Latins, from cities near Rome. The post-Marian army incorporated these Italian soldiers into its standard legions (as all Italians were Roman citizens after the Social War). Its auxiliary troops were made up of foreigners from provinces distant to Rome, who gained Roman citizenship after completing their twenty five years of service. This system of foreign auxiliaries allowed the post-Marian army to strengthen traditional weak points of the Roman system, such as light missile troops and cavalry, with foreign specialists, especially as the richer classes took less and less part of military affairs and the Roman army lost much of its domestic calvary.
At the beginning of the Imperial period the number of legions was 60, which Augustus more than halved to 25, numbering at approximately 160,000 men. As mow territory was conquered throughout the Imperial period, this fluctuated into the mid-thirties. At the same time, at the beginning of the Imperial period the foreign auxiliaries made up a rather small portion of the military, but continued to rise, so that by the end of the period of the Five Good Emperors they probably equalled the legionaires in number, giving a combined total of between 300,000 and 400,000 men in the Army.
The last major reform of the Imperial Army came under the reign of Diocletian in the late 3rd Century. During the instability that had marked most of that century, the army had fallen in number and lost much of its ability to effectively police and defend the empire. He quickly recruited a large number of men, increasing the number of legionaires from between 150,000-200,000 to 350,000-400,000, effectively doubling the number in a case of quantity over quality. [br] In the post-Marian army, ______.
选项
A、auxiliary troops were Italians, and often Latins
B、auxiliary troops were made up of citizens from cities near Rome
C、more foreigners were included in auxiliary army
D、auxiliary troop were made up of foreigners who had gained citizenship for serving Rome for 25years
答案
C
解析
在Pre-Marian时代,后备部队由意大利人、通常是拉丁人组成,而在the post-Marian时代,后备部队由远离罗马的行省中的外国人组成,在这些人为罗马服役了25年后,就能获得了公民权。A和B讲的是pre-Marian时代的事,D则把概念弄错了,D的意思是这些人在为罗马服役了25年后,获得公民权,因而能够参加后备部队,同原文矛盾。通过原文内容,可以推导出C是正确的答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3286298.html
相关试题推荐
Nancybecameataxidriverbecause[br][originaltext]Interviewer:Hello,Nancy
Nancybecameataxidriverbecause[br][originaltext]Interviewer:Hello,Nancy
Nancybecameataxidriverbecause[br][originaltext]Interviewer:Hello,Nancy
Duringthepastcentury,duetoavarietyoffactors,morethan1,000ofthe
ThePresidentduringtheAmericanCivilWarwas______.A、AndrewJackson.B、Abrah
WhichkinghadthelongestreignduringthemonarchofBritainfrom1837to1901
DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Roosevelt,StalinandChurchillmetat______.A、Teh
Theholidaybeganasawaytohonorsoldierskilledduring______.[br][origin
YouaregoingtograduatefromUniversity,andduringtheresttimeyouare
Duringthe2001G8summitinGenoa,Italy,_____.[originaltext]QueenElizabe
随机试题
Libyanofficialsclaimedtheshipmentofoilwasloadedataportcontrolledby
[originaltext]Kidsthesedaysallthetimeareobsessedinallthosevideo
Text3WestLondon,Fridaynight,9pm.In
计算空调系统冷负荷时,应包括()。A.新风冷负荷 B.空调风管、风机温升引
下列疾病的表现分别属于 A.持续中等度发热(38~39℃)3周以上,伴咳嗽、咳
某混凝土试块强度值不满足规范要求,但经法定检测单位对混凝土实体强度经过法定检测后
私人银行业务特征包括()。A.个性化服务 B.综合化服务 C.准入门槛高
完成以凭证为数据处理起点,通过凭证输入和处理,完成记账、银行对账、结账、账簿查询
某工程,实施过程中发生如下事件: 事件1:监理合同签订后,监理单位技术负责人组
关于维拉帕米。哪项错误A.是治疗阵发性室上性心动过速的首选药 B.对肥厚性心肌
最新回复
(
0
)