2. 职称英语
  3. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent,

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent,

游客2023-12-14  6
问题     Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
    Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of the field, as a final resting place for those who gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
    But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate--we can not consecrate --we can not hallow --this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have that for so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honoured dead we take increased devotion to the cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, for the people, by the people shall not perish from the earth.
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答案 87年以前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，①它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
    现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者说以考验任何②一个孕育于自由而奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命，我们在此集会是为了把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作最后安息之所。③我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的。
    ④但是，从更广泛的意义来说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，我们不能够圣化，我们不能够神化。曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的已经把这块土地神圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量能够增加的。全世界将很少注意到，也不会长期地记起我们今天在这里所说的话，但全世界永远不会忘记勇士们在这里所做过的事。
解析     ①proposition在此处不宜译为“原则”，因此把“conceived in liberty”译为“孕育于自由之中”，而把“dedicated to the proposition”译为“致力于…主张”，另外，在结构上，把这两个用作定语的短语单独另外成句。
    ②在原文中形容“any nation”时只用了两个简单的形容词“conceived”和“dedicated”，但在译成汉语时要采用增补法，将第一段中的内容表达完整。
    ③翻译这句话时，可以算是“意似”，译成“恰当而合适”只能算是“形似”，如果译成“合情合理”，倒可以算是“神似”，但无论哪种译法，都可以把内容表达清楚。
    ④在这段话的第一句里，原文为了使表达气势有力，连用了三个排比句，每句四个词，十分整齐。如果译文中可能体现这部分修辞手段，那么也应可能地表达出来。“……我们不能够奉献，我们不能够圣化，我们不能够神化”的译法，就是在这方面的尝试。另外，这里的“神化”应该通过上下文理解为“神圣化”。
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