Death, old age, are words without a meaning, a dream, a fiction, with which

游客2023-12-11  4

问题     Death, old age, are words without a meaning, a dream, a fiction, with which we have nothing to do. Others may have undergone, or may still undergo them—we   "bear a charmed life," which laughs to scorn all such idle fancies. As. in setting out on a delightful journey, we strain our eager sight forward.
    "Bidding the lovely scenes at distance hail."
    And see no end to prospect after prospect, new objects presenting themselves as we advance, so in the outset of life we see no end to our desires nor to the opportunities of gratifying them. We have as yet found no obstacle, no disposition to flag, and it seems that we can go on so forever. We look round in a new world, full of life and motion, and ceaseless progress, and feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit to keep pace with it. and do not foresee from any present signs how we shall be left behind in the race, decline into old age, and drop into the grave. It is the simplicity and, as it were, abstractedness of our feelings in youth that (so to speak) identifies us with nature and (our experience being weak and our passions strong) makes us fancy ourselves immortal like it. Our short-lived connection with being, we fondly flatter ourselves, is an indissoluble and lasting union —a honey-moon that knows neither coldness, jar, nor separation. As infants smile and sleep, we are rocked in the cradle of our desires, and hushed into fancied security by the roar of the universe around us—we quaff the cup of life with eager thirst without draining it, and joy and hope seem ever mantling to the brim—objects press around us, filling the mind with their magnitude and with the throng of desires that wait upon them, so that there is no room for the thoughts of death.

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答案     死亡,老年,不过是空话,毫无意义;我们听了,只当耳边风,全不放在心上。这些事,别人也许经历过,或者可能要承受——但我们自己“冥冥中有神保佑”,对于诸如此类脆弱的念头,统统付之轻蔑的一笑。像是刚刚走上愉快的旅程,极目远眺——
    向远方的美景欢呼!
    此时,但觉好风光应接不暇,而且,前程更有美不胜收的新鲜景致。在这生活的开端,我们听任自己的志趣驰骋,放手给它们一切满足的机会。到此为止,我们还没有碰上过什么障碍,也没有感觉到什么疲惫,因此觉得还可以一直这样向前走去,直到永远。我们看到四周一派新天地——生机盎然,变动不居,日新月异;我们觉得自己活力充盈,精神饱满,可与宇宙并驾齐驱。而且,眼前也无任何迹象可以证明,在大自然的发展过程中,我们自己也会落伍,衰老,进入坟墓。由于年轻人天真单纯,可以说是茫然无知,因而将自己跟大自然划上等号;并且,由于经验少而感情盛,误以为自己也能和大自然一样永世长存。我们一厢情愿,痴心妄想,竟把自己在世上的暂时栖身当作千古不变,万事长存的结合,好像没有冷淡、争执、离别的蜜月。像婴儿带着微笑入睡.我们躺在用自己编织成的摇篮里,让大千世界的万籁之声催哄我们安然入梦;我们急切切、兴冲冲地畅饮生命之杯,怎么也不会饮干,反而好像永远是满满欲溢;森罗万象纷至沓来,各种欲望随之而生,使我们腾不出工夫去想死亡。

解析     On The Feeling of Immortality in Youth(《有感于青春常在》)是英国作家William Hazlitt(1778-1830)最好的散文作品之一,出版于1927年3月的The Monthly Magazine杂志上。作者表明了一种态度,青春不是年华,而是心境,生活得有激情,才能活得不老。我们需要友谊,还有爱情,不必羞怯,相信无论工作还是生活,都不是无知常乐。此段选自散文的开头部分,作者以平实又优美的语言展示着年轻的张扬和无所畏惧。
1.  “strain our eager sight forward”:  “strain”的原意是“拉紧,竭力,尽力”,  “eager sight”,即“渴望的目光”,词组译为“极目远眺”。
2.  “Bidding the lovely scenes at distance hail”:  “the lovely scenes at distance hail”(远处山上美丽的景色),  “bid”原意是“表示;吩咐;出价”,这里则表示“欢呼,雀跃”。句子译为“向远方的美景欢呼!”。
3.  “see no end to prospect after prospect”:  “prospect”(景色),句子原意是“看着一处风景接着一处风景,无穷无尽”,我们可以将它译为“但觉好风光应接不暇”,既能表现出风景的优美,又显得更加精简。
4.  “new objects presenting themselves as we advance”:  “objects”即前文的“prospect”(景色),整句是前文“see”的宾语,表明在前行的路上还有更多美妙风景,整句译为“前程更有美不胜收的新鲜景致”。
5.  “in the outset of life”:  “outset”(开始,开端),整句译为“在这生活的开端”。
6.  “we see no end to our desires nor to the opportunities of gratifying them”:  “gratify”(使满足,使满意),句子原意是指我们的欲望和满足我们欲望的机会没有尽头,但这样略显粗糙,所以将整句译为“我们听任自己的志趣驰骋,放手给它们一切满足的机会”,这样更显青春洋溢。
7.  “We have as yet found no obstacle,no disposition to flag,and it seems that we can go on so forever.”:  “disposition”的意思是“处置;性情;倾向”,  “flag”的动词意思是“衰退,枯萎”,这里的“flag”动词作名词用。全句译为“到此为止,我们还没有碰上过什么障碍,也没有感觉到什么疲惫,因此觉得还可以一直这样向前走去,直到永远。”
8.  “full of life and motion”:  “motion”的原意是“动作”,句子原意是“充满生命和动作”,这里意译为“生机盎然”。
9.  “ceaseless progress”:不断的变化,进步。既然前文已用四字成语,那这里不妨译为“变动不居,日新月异”以示工整。
10.  “feel in ourselves all the vigor and spirit”:译为“我们觉得自己活力充盈,精神饱满”。
11.  “keep pace with it”:并驾齐驱,保持同步。
12.  “be left behind in the race”:这里“in the race”,指的是人和大自然间的赛跑,全句译为“在大自然的发展过程中,我们自己会落伍”。
13.  “decline into old age”:下降进入老年,即“衰老”。
14.“It is the simplicity and,as it were,abswactedness of our feelings in youth that(so to speak)identifies us with nature and(our experience being weak and our passions strong)makes us fancy ourselves immortal like it.”:英语表达中,可能把插入语及补充信息放人括号里,如“so to speak”和“our experience…strong”,但中文却没有这个习惯,因此翻译时,直接把括号的内容译出并注意语句通顺即可。全句译为“南于年轻人天真单纯,可以说是茫然无知,因而将自己跟大自然划上等号;并且,由于经验少而感情盛,误以为自己也能和大自然一样永世长存。”。
15.  “It is the simplicity and,as it were,abstractedness of our feelings in youth”:“simplicity”(简单,天真),  “abstractedness”原意是“出神,发呆”,根据句型我们可以发现,  “abstractedness”比“simplicity”程度要深,因此我们可以译成“由于年轻人天真单纯,可以说是茫然无知……”。
16.  “identify…with…”:把……看成一样。
17.  “our experience being weak and our passions strong”:是后面“makes us fancy ourselves immortal like it”的原因,因此译为“由于经验少而感情盛”。
18.  “our short-lived connection with being”:  “being”原指“人,生物”,这里则是指“人世间”,句子原意是“我们短暂的和人世间的联系”,即“我们在世上的暂时柄身”。
19.  “we fondly flatter ourselves,is an indissoluble and lasting union”:  “fondly”  (天真地,怜爱地),  “flatter”(奉承,谄媚),  “indissoluble”(坚固的,牢固持久的),与“lasting”同义。
20.  “a honey—moon that knows neither coldness,jar,nor separation”:译为“没有冷淡、争执、离别的蜜月”。
21.  “Our short-lived connection with being,…a honey—moon that knows neither coldness,jar, nor separation.”全句译为“我们一厢情愿,痴心妄想,竟把自己在世上的暂时栖身,当作千古不变、万事长存的结合,好像没有冷淡、争执、离别的蜜月。”。
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