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  3. Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, m

Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, m

游客2023-12-09  37
问题     Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances, deprived of the opportunities of the new century. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks— those purchasable wells of wisdom, what would civilization be like without its benefits?
    So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births—but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among tribal people all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.
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答案     教育是我们这个时代的关键词之一。我们许多人都相信，一个人没有受过教育是不幸的，是逆境的牺牲品，在新世纪他会失去诸多机遇。现代国家深深懂得教育的重要性，“投资”教育机构，其“收益”便是培养出大批有知识的男女青年，他们可能就是未来的领导者。教育要精心制定教学计划，利用教科书——那些可以购置的智慧源泉——保证教学效果。如果不受惠于教育，文明将会是个什么样子呢?
    至少，下面这些是可以肯定的：我们仍然会有医生和牧师，律师和被告，人们照样结婚，生儿育女，但人们的精神将是另一种面貌。人们不会那么重视“资料和数据”，而更多地依靠好记性，依靠应用心理学知识。以及依靠与同胞相处的能力。
解析 1、本段围绕教育展开论述，语言正式，长句较多，因此准确理解原文中的长句并根据汉语习惯适当调整语序是做好本文翻译的关键。
2、首段第2句的many of us believe作插人语，为引介某人观点的句式，翻译时可根据汉语习惯放在句首。(be)deprived of opportunities“被剥夺机会”可转译为主动语态“失去机会”。
3、首段第3句的过去分词短语Convinced of…不定式短语to get back．．．和定语从句who．．．全都译为汉语中的独立小句，以符合汉语多用简短小句的行文习惯。
4、首段末句的cycles of instruction不宜直译，这里可引申译为“教学计划”；punctuate为多义词，根据语境可知其意思为“强调，突出”，引申译为“保证”；wells of wisdom中wen可理解为source，引申译为“智慧的源泉”。
5、what would civilization be like without．．．是主句。without its benefits提出假设，根据英汉语言表达的差异，提前翻译。those purchasable wells of wisdom是textbooks的同位语；punctuated by textbooks修饰cycles of instruction。
6、末段首句的that引导的从句是so much的同位语；名词短语marriages and births译为句子“人们照样结婚，生儿育女”更符合汉语的表达习惯。
7、末段末句用“不会那么重视”译lay less stress on，为反译法。fellow citizens译为“同胞”，显得亲切。
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