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  3. The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of

The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of

游客2023-12-04  27
问题 The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. Absorbed in their work they did it. They did it so well that the wondering world saw them to be great, and labeled them accordingly.  To live with a high ideal is a successful life.  It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong.
"Eternal vigilance," it has been said, "is the price of liberty. " With equal truth it may be said, " Unceasing effort is the price of success. " If we do not work with our might, others will; and they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp.
Success grows less and less dependent on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures.
The great and indispensable help to success is character. Character is crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction. Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to a great extent the architect of his own character, he would be a fatalist, an irresponsible creature of circumstances.
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答案     历史伟人确定自己的价值靠的不是不断地照镜自盼，而是对工作的无限投入。他们的成就如此卓著以至惊讶的世人将他们视为伟人。成功的人生离不开崇高的理想。一个人的强大并不取决于他做了些什么，而是他尽力去做什么。
    曾有此一说，“永恒的警觉是自由的代价”。同理可说，“不断的努力是成功的代价”。倘若我们不尽力工作，别人会尽全力，随后他们会在竞争中超越我们，并从我们手中夺走胜利的果实。
    成功愈来愈不依赖运气和机会。缺乏自信是我们大部分人失败的原因。
    成功至关重要的辅助因素是性格。性格是具体化的习惯，是不断训练和强化信念的结果。
每种性格都受遗传、环境和教育的影响。但是除了这些以外，如果每一个人在某种程度上不是他自己性格的创造者，他就是个宿命论者，是个对现状不负责任的人。
解析 1．第一段第一句和第二句可合译为一句“历史伟人确定自己的价值靠的不是不断地照镜自盼，而是对工作的无限投入。”size本义指“大小，尺寸”，此处可引申为“分量，价值”；absorbed指“一心一意的，全神贯注的”。
2．第一段第三句中的the wondering world指“惊讶的世人”；labeled(sb．)指“把(某人)归类为”。
3．第一段最后一句是个前重心强调句式，翻译时应将该句译为汉语后重心句。
4．第二段第一句先译出插入语it has been said“曾有此一说”，注意it的灵活翻译。vigilance指“警惕，警觉”。
5．第二段第二句中的Unceasing指“不停的，持续的”。
6．第二段第三句中的outstrip指“超过”；pluck指“抓住”或“拉住”。
7．第四段第二句中的crystallized指“固定的，确定的”；conviction指“信念”，这里应当翻译为动词词组“强化信念”。
8．最后一句中的architect of his own character翻译时运用词性转换，名词architect转换为动词，可译为“塑造自己的性格”。
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