首页
登录
职称英语
(1)Do you ever feel as though you spend all your time in meetings? (2)He
(1)Do you ever feel as though you spend all your time in meetings? (2)He
游客
2023-11-27
11
管理
问题
(1)Do you ever feel as though you spend all your time in meetings?
(2)Henry Mintzberg, in his book The Nature of Managerial Work, found that in large organizations managers spent 22 per cent of their time at their desk, 6 per cent on the telephone, 3 per cent on other activities, but a whopping 69 per cent in meetings.
(3)There is a widely-held but mistaken belief that meetings are for "solving problems" and "making decisions." For a start, the number of people attending a meeting tends to be inversely proportional to their collective ability to reach conclusions and make decisions. And these are the least important elements.
(4)Instead hours are devoted to side issues, playing elaborate games with one another. It seems, therefore, that meetings serve some purpose other than just making decisions.
(5)All meetings have one thing in common: role-playing. The most formal role is that of chairman. He sets the agenda, and a good chairman will keep the meeting running on time and to the point. Sadly, the other, informal, role-players are often able to gain the upper hand. Chief is the "constant talker", who just loves to hear his or her own voice.
(6)Then there are the "can’t do" types who want to maintain the status quo. Since they have often been in the organization for a long time, they frequently quote historical experience as an excuse to block change: "It won’t work, we tried that last year and it was a disaster." A more subtle version of the "can’t do" type, the "yes, but...," has emerged recently. They have learnt about the need to sound positive, but they still can’t bear to have things change.
(7)Another whole sub-set of characters are people who love meetings and want them to continue until 5:30 pm or beyond. Irrelevant issues are their speciality. They need to call or attend meetings, either to avoid work, or to justify their lack of performance, or simply because they do not have enough to do.
(8)Then there are the "counter-dependents", those who usually disagree with everything that is said, particularly if it comes from the chairman or through consensus from the group. These people need to fight authority in whatever form.
(9)Meetings can also provide attenders with a sense of identification of their status and power. In this case, managers arrange meetings as a means of communicating to others the boundaries of their exclusive club: who is "in", and who is not.
(10)Because so many meetings end in confusion and without a decision, another game is played at the end of meetings, called reaching a false consensus. Since it is important for the chairman to appear successful in problem-solving and making a decision, the group reaches a false consensus. Everyone is happy, having spent their time productively. The reality is that the decision is so ambiguous that it is never acted upon, or, if it is, there is continuing conflict, for which another meeting is necessary.
(11)In the end, meetings provide the opportunity for social intercourse, to engage in battle in front of our bosses, to avoid unpleasant or unsatisfying work, to highlight our social status and identity. They are, in fact, a necessary though not necessarily productive psychological sideshow. Perhaps it is our civilized way to moderating, if not preventing, change. [br] What does "these" in the last sentence of the third paragraph refer to?
选项
答案
To solve problems and make decisions.
解析
第3段开头就说,“一种普遍但错误的观点认为,开会的目的是解决问题、做出决策”,然后作者用For astart和And分别引出两个论据:开会人数与集体的决策能力成反比;“这些”是最不重要的因素。因此,这里的“这些”指“错误观点”所认可的会议目的:解决问题、做出决策,故答案可表述为To solve problems and makedecisions。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3224006.html
相关试题推荐
Earlyanthropologists,followingthetheorythatwordsdeterminethought,b
Earlyanthropologists,followingthetheorythatwordsdeterminethought,b
Earlyanthropologists,followingthetheorythatwordsdeterminethought,b
Earlyanthropologists,followingthetheorythatwordsdeterminethought,b
Earlyanthropologists,followingthetheorythatwordsdeterminethought,b
Humansarethoughttoberesponsibleforalargenumberofenvironmentalpr
Humansarethoughttoberesponsibleforalargenumberofenvironmentalpr
Humansarethoughttoberesponsibleforalargenumberofenvironmentalpr
Humansarethoughttoberesponsibleforalargenumberofenvironmentalpr
Humansarethoughttoberesponsibleforalargenumberofenvironmentalpr
随机试题
—What’sthematterwiththewallpaper?—Itneeds______.A、straighteningB、straigh
上海铜期货市场某一合约的卖出价格为16500元/吨,买入价格为16.510元/吨,前一成交一为16490元/吨,那么该合约的撮合成交价应为()元/吨
教师职业道德修养是自我锻炼、()、()、()的过程。
图示变形曲线,正确的是()。A. B. C. D.
共用题干 FactsaboutStroke1Every45secon
患者男,10岁。全身水肿,尿少半个月,BP:100/80mmHg,Hb:140g
护士在执行经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管术(PICC)过程中发现手套破损,此时应A.
依据国家电网公司变电检测通用管理规定,检测人员在岗期间应遵守劳动纪律,不做与工作
区域性批发企业需要就近向相邻的其他省内取得麻醉药品使用资格的医疗机构销售麻醉药品
由国内企业研发,作用于VEGFR-2,分子中含有氰基,可用于治疗晚期胃癌的药物是
最新回复
(
0
)