首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext]I: Good morning, listeners. Today we are very glad to have Joanna
[originaltext]I: Good morning, listeners. Today we are very glad to have Joanna
游客
2023-11-26
20
管理
问题
I: Good morning, listeners. Today we are very glad to have Joanna Watson from Cambridge University to discuss with us the origins of Indo-European languages. Nice to meet you, Joanna.
J: Very pleased to meet you.
I: As we all know, Indo-European languages have got the same ancestor.
J: The traditional view goes like this. An Ur-language, ancestor to all Indo-European languages, was spoken by nomadic horsemen. They lived in what is now western Russia, north of the Black Sea near the beginning of the Bronze Age. As these mounted warriors roamed over greater and greater expanses, they conquered the indigenous peoples and imposed their own proto-Indo-European language, which evolved in local areas into the European languages we know today.
I: This is a quite reasonable explanation, isn’t it?
J: It seems reasonable in itself. But in recent years, many scholars, particularly archaeologists, have become dissatisfied with the traditional explanation. The starting point of the problem of the origins of Indo-European is not archaeological but linguistic.
I: What do you mean?
J: Well, when linguists look at the languages of Europe, they quickly find that these languages are related. The connections can be seen in vocabulary, grammar and phonology. For instance, the numbers from one to ten are quite similar in several Indo-European languages. There are significant similarities among many European languages and also Sanskrit, the language of the earliest literary texts of India, but those languages such as Chinese or Japanese are not members of the same family.
I: Interesting. Can you give us a typical example?
J: Sure. Take the Romance languages as an example. Even to someone with no knowledge of Latin, the profound similarities among Romance languages would suggest that they were derived from a common ancestor. It would be possible to reconstruct many of the characteristics of the original proto-language. In much the same way the branches of the Indo-European family could be studied and a hypothetical family tree constructed.
I: So Indo-European languages do have a common ancestor.
J: That’s true. And we call it proto-Indo-European language. This is the tree approach to the explanation of the origin of Indo-European languages. The basic process represented by the tree model is one of divergence: when languages become isolated from one another, they differ increasingly, and dialects gradually differentiate until they become separate languages.
I: I see. So divergence is the main tendency in language evolution.
1. What’s the main topic of this interview?
2. Who created the common ancestor of Indo-European languages?
3. From which aspect can we see the connections of languages of Europe?
4. Which language has significant similarities with European languages?
5. What do we call the common ancestor of Indo-European languages?
选项
A、Vocabulary.
B、Grammar.
C、Phonology.
D、A, B and C
答案
D
解析
细节题。录音中提到:The connections can be seen in vocabulary, grammar and phonology。所以欧洲语言的联系可以从词汇、语法、语音三部分来看。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3220733.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]W:Students’happiestwiththeirfinancialaidpackages,Princeto
[originaltext]W:Students’happiestwiththeirfinancialaidpackages,Princeto
[originaltext]W:Twomillionhighschoolseniorsaregearingupthisfalltoap
[originaltext]W:Twomillionhighschoolseniorsaregearingupthisfalltoap
[originaltext]W:Twomillionhighschoolseniorsaregearingupthisfalltoap
[originaltext]W:Twomillionhighschoolseniorsaregearingupthisfalltoap
[originaltext]M:Whatcanwesendifweuseregisteredpost?W:Anyfirst-class
[originaltext]M:Whatcanwesendifweuseregisteredpost?W:Anyfirst-class
[originaltext]W:Lee,whereareyougoing?M:Tothepostoffice,Sarah.Iamg
[originaltext]W:Lee,whereareyougoing?M:Tothepostoffice,Sarah.Iamg
随机试题
HereIwanttotrytogiveyouananswertothequestion:whatpersonalqua
某建筑公司签订了一项总金额为900万元的固定造价合同,最初预计合同总成本为810
下列不属于粉碎目的的是A.有利于提高固体药物在液体、半固体、气体中的分散度 B
下列关于文旅融合路径的说法中,错误的是()。A.以旅游需求为核心 B.以
关于房扑的临床表现,不正确的是 A.可转变为窦性心律’B.可转变为房颤C.
2007~2013年间,平均每万人群众文化设施建筑面积同比增速高于10%的年份有
中小企业板指数以最新自由流通股本数为权重,即以扣除流通受限制的股份后的股本数量为
按照税率与课税对象的变动关系分类,税率分为()。A.定额税率、累进税率和累退税率
根据《保险法》的规定,保险人对保险合同中的免责条款未作提示或未明确说明的,该免责
某监理公司承担了一项综合建设项目监理,该项目包括三棟不同结构和用途的建筑。监理机
最新回复
(
0
)