首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext]J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some sch
[originaltext]J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some sch
游客
2023-11-24
62
管理
问题
J: Divergence is by no means the only possible tendency. Some scholars introduced a "wave" model in which linguistic changes spread like waves, leading ultimately to convergence. That is, growing similarity among languages that were initially quite different.
I: While divergence indicates tendency of differentiating languages, convergence means similarity of languages.
J: Right. Besides that, most linguists think primarily in terms of linguistic family trees. They find it necessary to construct some explicit models of how language change might occur according to a process-based view.
I: Have they formed some models?
J: So far, there are four main classes of models. The first is the process of initial colonization, by which an uninhabited territory becomes populated; its language naturally becomes that of the colonizers. The second are processes of divergence, such as the linguistic divergence arising from separation or isolation mentioned above in relation to early models of the Indo-European languages. The third group of models is based on processes of linguistic convergence. The wave model, formulated by Johannes Schmidt in the 1870’s, is an example. But convergence methods have not generally found favors among linguists.
I: What is the fourth class?
J: The slow and rather static operation of these processes is complicated by another factor: linguistic replacement. That factor provides the basis for a fourth class of models. In many areas of the world the languages initially spoken by the indigenous people have come to be replaced, fully or partially, by languages spoken by people coming from outside.
I: Just like American Indians hardly use their original language right now. They speak English, instead.
J: Yes. Anyway, if this large complicating factor was not discovered, the world’s linguistic history would be described by the traditional view of an Ur-language, followed by the gradual, long-term workings of divergence and convergence. So linguistic replacement also has a key role in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages.
I: I quite agree. Well, Joanna, thank you for giving us so much information on the origins of Indo-European languages.
J: My pleasure.
I: Next week, we will have Professor Linda Smith from Oxford University to tell
us the development of English in recent decades. I will meet you then the same
time. Bye-bye.
6. What do linguistic family trees mainly indicate?
7. How many classes of models are there in the development of languages?
8. When did the wave model formulate?
9. Which factor provides the basis for the fourth class of model?
10. What does Joanna think of the linguistic replacement factor in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages?
选项
A、It can replace other theories.
B、It is not important at all.
C、It is new but not reasonable.
D、It plays a key role.
答案
D
解析
态度题。关于语言替换论,受访者说道:Anyway, if this large complicating factor was not discovered,the world’s linguistic history would be described by the traditional view of an Ur-language,followed by the gradual. long-term workings of divergence and convergence.So linguistic replacement also has a key role in explaining the origins of the Indo-European languages.表明这一理论弥补了早期理论的不足,在解释印欧语言的起源上与其他理论一样起到了重大作用。因此选项D正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3216008.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:Alright,sotalktomeaboutdifferentagegroupsandhowmuch
[originaltext]M:Alright,sotalktomeaboutdifferentagegroupsandhowmuch
[originaltext]M:RuthPetersisachildpsychologist,hey,Ruth,goodmorning.
[originaltext]M:RuthPetersisachildpsychologist,hey,Ruth,goodmorning.
[originaltext]M:RuthPetersisachildpsychologist,hey,Ruth,goodmorning.
[originaltext]M:Youtalkedaboutevolution.Youtalkedaboutgenes.Andthere’
[originaltext]M:Youtalkedaboutevolution.Youtalkedaboutgenes.Andthere’
[originaltext]M:Youtalkedaboutevolution.Youtalkedaboutgenes.Andthere’
[originaltext]M:Canwearingsunglassesmakeyoumorevulnerabletosunburn?A
[originaltext]M:Canwearingsunglassesmakeyoumorevulnerabletosunburn?A
随机试题
TheHeroMymother’sparentscamefromHungary,
Childrenfrompoorfamiliesarealreadyayearbehindinvocabularytestswh
[originaltext]M:Whereareyoulivingnow,Mary?W:WearelivingonMainStree
关于中国传统木结构中“移柱造”和“减柱造”做法,下列陈述中哪一项是正确的?(
男孩,9岁。患急性淋巴性白血病已1年,予激素和抗肿瘤药物治疗,近2d有发热,皮肤
男性患者,查体发现尿糖5g/L以下错误的选项是 A.应同时查血糖 B.复查尿
我国证券市场建立之初,上海证券交易所将上市公司分为5类,以下属于这5类的是()
下列有平喘作用的药物是A.桔梗B.柴胡C.川贝母D.半夏E.苦杏仁
下列关于各种成本计算方法的表述中,错误的有()。A.品种法主要适用于产品大量大
小李是某公司新任的人力资源经理,该公司原本是一家传统的纺织企业,近年来由于自动化
最新回复
(
0
)