首页
登录
职称英语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Disti
游客
2023-11-20
33
管理
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames, Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty percent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Arther, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day", (Old English for breadmaker) and "Walker" (a fuller whose job was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton" (middle enclosure) and "Hilton" (enclosure on a hill). [br] Surnames are said to be ______ in Anglo Saxon England.
选项
A、common
B、vocational
C、unusual
D、descriptive
答案
C
解析
细节定位题。文章第一段第一和第二句告诉我们:“The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only.Distinguishing epithets were rarely added”,在这里distinguishing epithets指的就是surname,所以C为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3204977.html
相关试题推荐
Theyear1400openedwithmorepeacefulnessthanusualinEngland.Onlyafew
Theyear1400openedwithmorepeacefulnessthanusualinEngland.Onlyafew
CaliforniansandNewEnglandersspeakthesamelanguageand______bythesamef
Janehasjust______aletterfromafriendofhersinEngland.A、returnedB、answ
WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?[br][originalt
WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?[originaltext]
ThoughEnglandwasonthewholeprosperousandhopeful,thoughbycomparis
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Disti
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Disti
WhichofthefollowingcanMr.ButlerNOTbenormallyregardedas?[br][origin
随机试题
ThePalestinianmilitantgroupHamasannounceditsthreattorestartattackson
I______thedisdainfullookinhiseyes.A、grumbledB、resentedC、complainedD、di
某美国投资者发现欧元的利率高于美元利率,于是他决定购买50万欧元以获高息,计划投资3个月,但又担心在这期间欧元对美元贬值。为避免欧元汇价贬值的风险,该投资者利用
以下关于无形资产评估中折现率的说法错误的是( )。A.无形资产评估中的折现率一般
对于前置胎盘的病人,可考虑采用期待疗法的情况是A.胎儿存活 B.妊娠37周
占地面积大于30000m2的可燃材料堆场,应设置与环形消防车道相通的中间消防车道
A.-1500N·cm,顺时针方向 B.+1500N·cm,逆时针方向 C.
中国证监会对证券公司违反经纪业务的处罚不包括()。A:警告B:罚款C:暂停其
在MMPI的各临床量表中,原始分数需要加K值的量表为()。 (A)Hs(
月经后期,根据判断属于血虚的是A.经色淡红 B.经质稀 C.经量少 D.有
最新回复
(
0
)