首页
登录
职称英语
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and actio
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and actio
游客
2023-11-15
32
管理
问题
Cultural norms so completely surround people, so permeate thought and action, that we never recognize the assumptions on which their lives and their sanity rest. As one observer put it, if birds were suddenly endowed with scientific curiosity they might examine many things, but the sky itself would be overlooked as a suitable subject; if fish were to become curious about the world, it would never occur to them to begin by investigating water①. For birds and fish would take the sky and sea for granted, unaware of their profound influence because they comprise the medium for every fact. Human beings, in a similarly way, occupy a symbolic universe governed by codes that are unconsciously acquired and automatically employed. So much so that they rarely notice that the ways they interpret and talk about events are distinctively different from the ways people conduct their affairs in other cultures.
As long as people remain blind to the sources of their meanings, they are imprisoned within them. These cultural frames of reference are no less confining simply because they cannot be seen or touched. Whether it is an individual neurosis that keeps an individual out of contact with his neighbors, or a collective neurosis that separates neighbors of different cultures, both are forms of blindness that limit what can be experienced and what can be learned from others②.
It would seem that everywhere people would desire to break out of the boundaries of their own experiential worlds. Their ability to react sensitively to a wider spectrum of events and peoples requires an overcoming of such cultural parochialism. But, in fact, few attain this broader vision. Some, of course, have little opportunity for wider cultural experience, though this condition should change as the movement of people accelerates. Others do not try to widen their experience because they prefer the old and familiar, seek from their affairs only further confirmation of the correctness of their own values. Still others recoil from such experiences because they feel it dangerous to probe too deeply into the personal or cultural unconscious. Expo sure may reveal how tenuous and arbitrary many cultural norms are; such exposure might force people to ac quire new bases for interpreting events. And even for the many who do seek actively to enlarge the variety of human beings with whom they are capable of communicating there are still difficulties.
Cultural myopia persists not merely because of inertia and habit, but chiefly because it is so difficult to overcome. One acquires a personality and a culture in childhood, long before he is capable of comprehending either of them. To survive, each person masters the perceptual orientations, cognitive biases, and communicative habits of his own culture. But once mastered, objective assessment of these same processes is awkward since the same mechanisms that are being evaluated must be used in making the evaluations. [br] The term" parochialism" (Line 3, Para. 3 ) most possibly means ______.
选项
A、open-mindedness
B、provincialism
C、superiority
D、discrimination
答案
B
解析
词义理解题。作者在"cultural parochialism"之前用such修饰,可知说的应该是上文的文化现象:特点是狭隘“limit what can be experienced and what can be learned from others”,第三段第一句话也说冲破自己经验世界的疆域“to a wider spectrum”,第三句“But,few attain this broader vision”以及后面分析这些人狭隘的原因,都可以推断出这里parochialism表示文化上的狭隘主
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3187910.html
相关试题推荐
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
Seventy-four-year-oldsarethemost【C1】______peopleinthepopulation,accor
随机试题
It’shardtomissthem:theepitomeofcasual"geekchic"andorganizedwith
Slaverywas________inAmericainthe19thcentury.A、abolishedB、cancelledC、aban
【S1】[br]【S3】D副词辨义题[考频:7]。空格处位于be动词和表语obvious之间,因此需填副词修饰obvious.该句意为:世界各地女性的寿命都
Thecomplaintaboutpeopleaddingwatertothebeeristheearliestrecordofal
第四方物流通过影响整个供应链来获得价值,为整条供应链的客户带来利益。下列属于提高
消防设施档案的保存期限为5年的有()。A.《消防控制室值班记录表》 B.
某水运工程项目一次性购进两个批号的缓凝型高性能减水剂共150t,其中批号1#的共
下列哪种疾病常引起便秘与腹泻交替出现A.肠结核 B.慢性菌痢 C.阿米巴痢疾
价值尺度是货币的基本职能之一,在履行价值尺度职能是,货币是()。A.观念中的
下列各项中,可以减征或免征车船税的有()。A.使用新能源的车船 B.农村
最新回复
(
0
)