首页
登录
职称英语
Virtually everything astronomers known about objects outside the solar syste
Virtually everything astronomers known about objects outside the solar syste
游客
2023-11-13
110
管理
问题
Virtually everything astronomers known about objects outside the solar system is based on the detection of photons-quanta of electromagnetic radiation. Yet there is another form of radiation that permeates the universe: neutrinos (中微子). With (as its name implies) no electric charge, and negligible mass, the neutrino interacts with other particles so rarely that a neutrino can cross the entire universe, even traversing substantial aggregations of matter, without being absorbed or even deflected. Neutrinos can thus escape from regions of space where light and other kinds of electromagnetic radiation are blocked by matter. Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information about the site and circumstances of their production: therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new information about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and about the history of the universe.
But how can scientists detect a particle that interacts so infrequently with other matter? Twenty-five years passed between Pauli’s hypothesis that the neutrino existed and its actual detection: since then virtually all research with neutrinos has been with neutrinos created artificially in large particle accelerators and studied under neutrino microscopes. But a neutrino telescope, capable of detecting cosmic neutrinos, is difficult to construct. No apparatus can detect neutrinos unless it is extremely massive, because great mass is synonymous with huge numbers of nucleons (neutrons and protons), and the more massive the detector, the greater the probability of one of its nucleon’s reacting with a neutrino. In addition, the apparatus must be sufficiently shielded from the interfering effects of other particles.
Fortunately, a group of astrophysicists has proposed a means of detecting cosmic neutrinos by harnessing the mass of the ocean. Named DUMAND, for Deep Underwater Muon and Neutrino Detector, the project calls for placing an array of light, sensors at a depth of five kilometers under the ocean surface. The detecting medium is the seawater itself: when a neutrino interacts with a particle in an atom of seawater, the result is a cascade of electrically charged particles and a flash of light that can be detected by the sensors. The five kilometers of seawater above the sensors will shield them from the interfering effects of other high-energy particles raining down through the atmosphere.
The strongest motivation for the DUMAND project is that it wilt exploit an important source of information about the universe. The extension of astronomy from visible light to radio waves to x-rays and gamma rays never failed to lead to the discovery of unusual objects such as radio galaxies, quasars (类星体), and pulsars (脉冲星). Each of these discoveries came as a surprise. Neutrino astronomy will doubtless bring its own share of surprises. [br] In the last paragraph, the author describes the development of astronomy in order to
选项
A、suggest the potential discovery of celestial bodies by means of neutrino astronomy.
B、illustrate the importance of surprises in making astronomic discoveries.
C、demonstrate the effectiveness of the DUMAND apparatus in detecting neutrinos.
D、name some cosmic phenomena that neutrino astronomy will illuminate.
答案
A
解析
推断题。末段末句中的its own share of surprises及该句时态表明中微子天文学也将像该段第2句提到的天文学发展那样为天体的发现做出贡献,因此本题答案应为选项A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3183383.html
相关试题推荐
Although,somestudentsgraduatefromhighschool,theyarevirtuallyilliterate
Shehurtmyfeelings______ratherthanbyaccident.A、virtuallyB、literallyC、deli
Iaminchargeofwelcomingthe______.A、visitorsfromoutside-of-townB、out-of-t
Themanstopstotakehisdogoutsidetodoexercisebecause[br][originaltext
Themanstopstotakehisdogoutsidetodoexercisebecause[originaltext]M:Th
Themandidn’tputhisluggageoutsidethedoorontimebecause______.[br][o
Themandidn’tputhisluggageoutsidethedoorontimebecause______.[br][o
Themandidn’tputhisluggageoutsidethedoorontimebecause______.[origina
Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely______totheoutsidewo
Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything______goin
随机试题
A:Excuseme,areyouMr.Road?B:______.A、I’mnotB、SorryC、Yes,IamC此题考查情景英
Salesdidn’tchangefrom1998to2000.[br]Salesfellon1999androseagainto
Ithasbeenprovedallofthefollowingexceptthat______.[br]Theunderlined
[originaltext]M:Ifyouhadsignaledyourintentiontoturnalittlesooner,th
"Hightech"and"stateoftheart"aretwoexpressionsthatdescribeverymo
民航运输业存在着规模经济特征,随着总运辅量的不断变化。干平均总成本曲线()
针对顺查法,以下说法正确的有()。A.是指审计取证的顺序与反映经济业务的会
Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculou
关于承诺,下列说法错误的是()。A:承诺可以撤回B:承诺可以撤销C:承诺通知
作为金融中介机构,商业银行的经营对象是()A.内控和风除 B.信贷和风险 C
最新回复
(
0
)