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  3. (1) A year has passed since Chile’s 33 trapped miners were hauled to freedom

(1) A year has passed since Chile’s 33 trapped miners were hauled to freedom

游客2023-10-21  27
问题     (1) A year has passed since Chile’s 33 trapped miners were hauled to freedom in the Atacama Desert. By and large, it’s been a relatively safe year in the country’s mines. The number of deaths from mining accidents has fallen sharply, from 27 in the first half of 2010 to 12 in the same period this year. Although it is too early to tell how much of that improvement will stick, the days when mining claimed hundreds of Chilean lives each year are thankfully gone. The government has increased the number of inspectors at Chile’s mines from 18 at the time of last year’s accident to 45 now. Those officials have carried out more than 3800 inspections in Chile’s 8000 mines so far this year. In July the government sent a draft bill to Parliament to overhaul mine safety regulation, describing it as the most important legislation in the area in 30 years.
    (2) Despite this good work, however, there is one glaring anomaly that needs to be addressed: Chile has yet to ratify (正式批准) the International Labour Organisation’s (ILO) Convention 176 on mining safety. The convention has been around for 13 years, and has been adopted by 25 countries from Albania to Zimbabwe. It establishes workers’ rights to refuse work they consider unsafe, to leave a mine they consider dangerous and to elect their own health and safety representatives. In the days after last year’s remarkable rescue Sebastian Pinera, the President, promised to ratify the convention. But today his government still seems hesitant to do so. It has asked the ILO for more information on how the measures would affect the mining industry, which accounts for around a fifth of the country’s GDP.
    (3) Even though all 33 people trapped in the San Jose mine were rescued, last year was still the deadliest in Chile’s mines for over a decade: 45 miners were killed at work. It’s no coincidence that it was also the year in which the copper price averaged a record high of over $3.40 a pound ($7.50 per kg). When the price of Chile’s chief export is high, accidents happen. That’s because an army of part-time, unsupervised miners, often with little experience, head out into the Atacama Desert in search of the mineral. Mines that closed long ago because they were unprofitable suddenly find they can make money again and reopen, often with no better safety standards than when they closed. The reverse is also true: when the copper price is low, the accident rate falls. The safest year in the history of Chilean mining was 1999, with just 0. 09 deaths for every million hours worked. That year copper sold for just 72 cents a pound.
    (4) This year copper has averaged over $4 a pound. Mining is booming. All the more reason, therefore, to reflect on the extraordinary events of last year at the San Jose mine, and to invest a little more of the industry’s handsome profits in safety improvements. (本文选自 The Economist) [br] We can infer from Para. 1 that________.
选项 A、mining accidents in Chile’s Atacama Desert claimed 33 lives last year
B、there has been much improvement in Chile’s mining safety since last year
C、Chilean government has closed quite a number of poorly-operated mines
D、Chilean parliament has passed a draft bill on mining regulations
答案 B
解析 推断题。文章第一段首先提到去年的阿塔卡马沙漠矿井事故，接下来指出这一年是智利矿井相对安全的一年，矿难的死亡人数已从2010年上半年的27人下降到今年同期的12人，可知B“自去年以来，智利的采矿安全有了大幅度改善”为正确答案。A“去年发生在智利阿塔卡马沙漠的矿井事故夺去了33人的生命”与本段第一句提到的智利33名被困阿塔卡马沙漠的矿工成功获救已过去一年相矛盾，故排除；本段中未提及C“智利政府已关闭了不少经营不善的矿井”，故排除；本段最后一句提到，今年七月份，智利政府把一项全面改革矿井安全法规的草案递交给了议会，由此可知，智利政府已就采矿安全问题拟定草案，并递交给议会，但第一段中并未提及该草案最终是否通过，故排除D“智利议会通过了矿井监管草案”。
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