首页
登录
职称英语
What Makes Sound Beautiful? (69)Beauty is certainly mor
What Makes Sound Beautiful? (69)Beauty is certainly mor
游客
2023-10-20
38
管理
问题
What Makes Sound Beautiful?
(69)
Beauty is certainly more than skin-deep. However you might define it, beauty extends far beyond the visual to that which pleases other senses and even the mind.
The most important a-mong these other routes for the observation of beauty is the sense of hearing. Music is routinely recognized as beautiful. So are other sounds, like the whispering of wind through pines or the gentle purring of a cat.
Just as philosophers and scientists have struggled to define visual beauty, they have attempted to analyze the appeal of pleasant sounds as well. Ultimately, sonic(声音的)beauty is in the ear of the beholder. Research and intuition can, however, suggest reasons why one person considers a musical piece gorgeous while another considers it a bucketful of noise.
The existence of noise is a clue in itself. A conventional definition of noise would include adjectives like unwanted, annoying, disorganized, or meaningless. Sounds that have no discernible(可识别的)pattern to them or that intrude on mental order are not generally considered beautiful. The relationship of sound to the situation is crucial. An assertive orchestral piece like Copland’s "Fanfare for the Common Man" could be strikingly beautiful at a Fourth of July celebration yet decidedly annoying when it blares from someone else’s apartment while you are trying to concentrate on a difficult task.
But it is the quest to discover the role of pattern that takes us beyond such obvious intuitive judgments about the beauty of sound. In the 1930s, a mathematician named George Birkhoff proposed formulas that would place a given work of art on a numerical aesthetic(审美的)scale. More beautiful art would score higher than less beautiful art. He proposed different specifies for analyzing painting, or geometric figures, or poetry, or music, but his central formula is M =0 / C. The symbol M stands for beauty, 0 for organization, and C for complexity.(70)
In other words, a work of music that is very well organized and not very complicated scores higher than a work with similarly good organization but a high degree of complexity.
Organization is good, complexity is bad.
This aspect of Birkhoffs approach clearly oversimplifies the case. Organization and complexity do contribute to the perceived beauty of a musical piece, but not as mere opposites. They entwine and influence the piece in combination with each other and with other factors. To illustrate this, let’s consider one of those other factors, the musical experience and knowledge that a listener brings to a piece of music.
Music critics are well-known for disliking works that become immensely popular and for praising material that the general public finds boring or even unpleasant. Why should this disparity be so common? Or why should a 40-year-old who loved bouncy pop music during his teen years now find it hard to tolerate his own teenage children’s taste in music?
The answers probably involve a certain ideal level of complexity, a point where the complexity of a piece and the way it is organized are matched perfectly with a listener’s knowledge and experience. The work presents enough of a challenge so that the listener can enjoy thinking about and deciphering(解读)its patterns, but it is not so impossibly complex that the listener remains confused. A work that falls far below this ideal level is too simple or too familiar to be interesting. A work that reaches far above the ideal levels is frustrating and dissatisfying. [br] What level of complexity is ideal to a musical piece?
选项
答案
The ideal level of complexity,a point where the complexity of a piece and the way it is organized are matched perfectly with a listener’s knowledge and experience.
解析
(文章最后一段提到The answers probably involve a certain ideal level of complexity,a pointwhere the complexity of a piece and the way it is organized are matched perfectly with alistener’s knowledge and experience.)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3112993.html
相关试题推荐
A.fightingB.subjectsC.certainlyD.question
A.fightingB.subjectsC.certainlyD.question
A.fightingB.subjectsC.certainlyD.question
A.fightingB.subjectsC.certainlyD.question
(1)Echowasabeautifulnymph,fondofthewoodsandhills,whereshedevote
Theartististhecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealartand【C1】____
Theartististhecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealartand【C1】____
Theartististhecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealartand【C1】____
Theartististhecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealartand【C1】____
Theartististhecreatorofbeautifulthings.Torevealartand【C1】____
随机试题
TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportant
工业建筑灭火器配置场所的危险等级,应根据生产使用,储存物品的()等因素划分。
关系数据库中通常包含多个表,表与表之间的关联关系通过(请作答此空)来实现,通过(
国务院()行政主管部门主管全国林区内野生植物和林区外珍贵野生树木的监督管理工作
接到消费者赔偿要求的生产经营者,应当实行首负责任制,先行赔付,不得推倭。()
合伙型基金的分配为(),即合伙企业的“生产经营所得和其他所得”由合伙人按照
A.米非司酮B.黄体酮C.醋酸地塞米松D.雌二醇E.炔诺孕酮抗早孕药物
84.检修机组装有可以堵塞机内空气流通的自动闸板风门的,应采取措施保证使风门(
实施素质教育的主渠道是()A.家庭教育 B.教师培训 C.课外活动
最早提出自我效能感的概念的是()。 A.班杜拉B.奥苏贝尔C.桑代克D
最新回复
(
0
)