首页
登录
职称英语
No Creatures can stride as human beings. They are not physically designed to
No Creatures can stride as human beings. They are not physically designed to
游客
2023-10-17
49
管理
问题
No Creatures can stride as human beings. They are not physically designed to support and balance a vertical body balanced on two long lower limbs, propelled forward by a foot engineered exclusively for body support and forward propulsion and to do so with a stride at high-speed locomotion. While other bipeds walk in a similar fashion, human walk is unique. Bipedalism by itself offers no comparison with the distinctive human gait form. And, significantly, no other biped can actually cover more than a tiny fraction of the walking distance that can be sustained by humans.
Striding requires a special design of hip, knee, and ankle joints, plus an arched foot, plus long lower-limb bones. These "finishing touches" demanded extended evolutionary time. Striding provided numerous advantages over the simple stepping gait. For example, the ability to cover twice the distance with the same number of steps is a definite survival advantage. It also added much speed to running, more height to jumping.
None of this would have been possible without, first, a foot equipped to support and balance an erect body and to produce the leverage necessary to propel the body forward in locomotion. The ape foot was not suited for this. A new kind of foot was essential if those hominids were to become full-scale bipeds. Indeed a pair of human feet has one-fourth of all the body’s 206 bones and 244 joints. Why this extraordinary number of bones and joints concentrated in such a small part of the body?(74)
Because the intricate network of the many different parts required not only for supporting and balancing a heavy superstructure but to enable the multiple motions and actions, hundreds or thousands of times daily
. No other part of the body comes even close to the amount and degree of stresses imposed on it.
The human foot had to go through an extensive evolutionary development in which it underwent enormous design changes in cohering its 28 bones, 37 joints and 107 ligaments, and 32 muscles and tendons to adapt to the body weight and numerous torsions.(75)
In fact, it probably wasn’t until only about 400, 000 years ago that early humans were fully striding, the final touch of human gait.
Orthopedist Philip J. Mayer writes in the Orthopedic Review: "The development of a true stride on an orthopedic foot was the most crucial of all the steps of human evolution. " Nature had perhaps never undertaken an anatomical engineering project of such complexity. [br] Why is the human foot equipped the way it is?
选项
答案
It is equipped to support and balance an erect body and to produce the leverage necessary topropel the body forward in locomotion.
解析
(根据文章第三段第一句,本句承上启下,解释人类脚的独特构造及原因。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3105362.html
相关试题推荐
Alllivingcreaturesarethoughtto______anorganismthatcameintobeingthree
NoCreaturescanstrideashumanbeings.Theyarenotphysicallydesignedto
NoCreaturescanstrideashumanbeings.Theyarenotphysicallydesignedto
TheM.P.A.programisdesignedforpresentandfutureleadersofthepublicandn
Thosewhoremainedphysicallyfit,avoidedhighstresslevelsandenjoyedarich
A.FillingthereservoirYouironisdesignedtofunctionusingtapwat
A.FillingthereservoirYouironisdesignedtofunctionusingtapwat
Versacci,CalvinKleinandVivienneWestwooddesignedtheclothes.[br][origin
Versacci,CalvinKleinandVivienneWestwooddesignedtheclothes.[br][origin
Versacci,CalvinKleinandVivienneWestwooddesignedtheclothes.[originaltext
随机试题
所有规则都有例外。Thereisnorulebuthasexceptions.
WhatisStevenSlater?[originaltext]Interviewer(W)StevenSlater(M)W:Welcom
Technologydevelopedyearsago,backinthe1990s-issimplybeing【C1】_____
施工管理目标包括质量目标、社会行为目标等,其中下列哪一项不是社会行为目标包括的内
关于肌肉的起止、运动的描述错误的是A.四肢肌的起点多相对靠近肢体的近端 B.肌
下列属于中央银行业务的是()。A.吸收企业和个人存款 B.跨境投资 C
以《普通高中课程标准实验教科书·数学1》(必修)第一章“集合与函数概念”的设计为
患者女,21岁,因研究生入学考试压力大,近几个月来出现入睡困难。睡眠表浅,多梦早
人化自然是指( ) A.自在之物 B.被人完全占有的自然 C.人本身
第一次正式提出“教学心理学”概念的是【】A:加涅 B:斯金纳 C:奥苏
最新回复
(
0
)