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  3. The average automatic teller machine （ATM）is not very smart.It will give

The average automatic teller machine （ATM）is not very smart.It will give

游客2023-10-17  26
问题        The average automatic teller machine （ATM）is not very smart.It will give money to anyone who has the right card and punches four or five keys in the right order.Some analysts estimate that as many as 30% of ATM transactions worldwide are cases of theft.To increase security at cash machines, some banks have tried to make their ATMs a little smarter.A small camera on the machine looks directly into the eye of every customer.It scans one iris and compares the tiny patterns of ridges, dots, and other features to a code in its computer.If there is a match, the ATM will start counting out cash.If not, a message is automatically sent to the nearest police station.
       Iris-scanning is one fast-growing form of biometric identification—determining who someone is by examining features of the body.One of the earliest biometric techniques was fingerprinting.The lines on fingertips are unique to each person, so not even identical twins have the same fingerprints.Fingerprinting has become famous as a way of finding out who committed a crime, but it very often fails.A careful criminal can wear gloves, avoid touching thing, or even alter his fingerprints by burning, cutting, or scraping them.In the search for a more reliable system, security experts have focused on the eye.
       Like a fingerprint, every iris is, for all practical purposes, unique.Each person’ s right iris is even different from his or her left one.A low—cost digital camera, like the kind installed at ATM machines, can easily detect hundreds of different features in the iris.The chance of two irises having the same features is close to zero.Tests have shown that iris-scanners are very hard to fool.They can tell the difference between a real iris and a false one.They can see right through coloured contact lenses, eyeglasses, and even mirrored sunglasses.Although many criminals are willing to burn or cut their fingers in pursuit of the perfect crime, few would be willing or able to alter their irises.
       To make iris—scanning work, a computerized database has to match certain iris features with certain people.This means that each ATM customer has to allow a bank to photograph his or her iris and keep that highly personal information in a computer.Some people have worried, however, that an increased use of iris-scanning will lead to a dangerous loss of privacy.By mounting iris-scan cameras in public places, governments could track a private citizen all day long without the person’ s knowledge.This would be a great advantage to the police, but it could also give corrupt officials a new way to control their opponents.The military’s development of tiny robots suggests that government iris-scanners could even invade private homes!
       Questions 11—15Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with no more than three word for each blank.
       ATM transactions are often cases of theft, where an unauthorized user takes【R1】__________.To decrease insecurity, some banks have installed iris-scanning machines at ATMs.These small cameras scan the user’ s iris, recording its features and 【R2】__________ them to a digital file.Every person has a 【R3】__________iris, making iris identification highly reliable.Earlier efforts at biometric identification often relied on fingerprints.However, fingerprints can easily be 【R4】__________ through cutting, burning or scraping.Iris scanners are so effective that they can even see through contact lenses and mirrored sunglasses.Use of iris scanners would provide great advantages to the police.However, others worry about a loss of 【R5】__________ . [br] 【R5】
选项
答案 privacy
解析 由关键词worry about, loss 定位至原文最后一段第三句“Some people have worried, however , that an increased use of iris-scanning will lead to a dangerous loss of privacy.”即“然而,一些人担心,虹膜扫描的增加会导致严重的隐私泄露。”空格处所在句子与原文表达的意思相同,且空格前有介词of,因此空格处应填入名词，故本空填privacy。
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