首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multipl
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multipl
游客
2023-09-12
34
管理
问题
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multiple roles place inordinate (极度的) stress on them. Does having a job as well as a home and a family enhance a woman’s health or threaten it?
Research on the question is sparse and contradictory. Research in the area has pointed to two competing hypotheses, according to Nancy Marshall, participant of Wellesley College’s Center for Research on Women. One, the "scarcity hypothesis", presumes people have a limited amount of time and energy and that women with competing demands suffer from overload and inter-role conflict. The other, the "enhancement hypothesis", theorizes that the greater self-esteem and social support people gain from multiple roles outweigh the costs. Marshall’s own research supports both notions.
Citing results from two studies she recently conducted, she explained that having children gives working women a mental and emotional boost that childless women lack. But having children also increases work and family strain, indirectly increasing depressive symptoms, she found.
The reason multiple roles can be both positive and negative has to do with traditional gender roles, agreed the experts. Despite women’s movement into the paid labor force, they still have primary responsibility for the "second shift" — household work and childcare. The debate about women’s multiple roles could be rendered obsolete by changes in societal expectations, many experts in the field believe.
"Individual decisions about work and family take place in a social and cultural context," said Gunn Johansson, PhD, professor of work psychology at the University of Stockholm. "Society sends encouraging or discouraging signals about an individual’s choices and about the feasibility of combining work and family."
According to Johansson, these signals come not only in the form of equal employment opportunity laws, but also in the support society makes available to families. A researcher in her department, for instance, compared the plight of women managers in Sweden and the former West Germany. Although the two societies are quite similar, they differ in one important respect: Sweden offers high-quality child care to almost every family that requests it.
Preliminary results from the study are striking. In Sweden, most of the women managers had at least two children and sometimes more; in Germany, most were single women with no children. "These women were reading the signals from their society," Johansson said. While the German women recognized that they had to forsake family for work, the Swedish women took it as their right to combine the two roles. [br] What do the traditional gender roles refer to in the fourth paragraph?
选项
A、Women’s getting into the paid labor force.
B、Women’s stay at home to take care of home and children.
C、Multiple roles a woman plays in soxiety.
D、Social status assigned to a traditional woman.
答案
B
解析
细节归纳题。由第四段第二句话“Despite women’s movement into the paid labor force,they still have primary responsibility for the“second shift”—household work and childcare.”可知妇女的传统任务就是照顾孩子和操持家务,所以B项内容正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3008454.html
相关试题推荐
Theydidnotwanttobehard-workingandthrifty______(像前辈那样).astheirance
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
随机试题
丽江古城(theOldTownofLijiang)位于中国云南省丽江市,始建于南宋末年,至今已有八百多年的历史。丽江古城地处战略要地,古时候商旅
WhyGooglecan’tclaimvictory?[br]Whocanberegardedasindependentplayer
EffectiveAssignmentsUsingLibraryandInternetRes
患儿男,8岁,因发热3天伴抽搐1天于7月20日入院,诊断为流行性乙型脑炎。入院后
医疗机构药学部门要建立的药学管理工作模式是()。A.想患者之所想,及患者之所及
防范贷款风险的重要手段是指( )。A.选择合适担保机构 B.正规办理贷款手续
关于教学与发展的关系,维果茨基的基本观点是A.教学跟随发展 B.教学与发展并行
肺的顺应性变大,表示A.肺弹性阻力和肺扩张度均变小 B.肺弹性阻力和肺扩张度均
男,67岁。刺激性咳嗽3个月,痰中带血2周。吸烟30年,30支/天。胸部X线片见
下列关于企业质量管理体系的认证与监督的说法正确的有()。A.质量管理体系的认证是
最新回复
(
0
)