首页
登录
职称英语
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multipl
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multipl
游客
2023-09-12
70
管理
问题
Psychologists from around the world look at whether working mothers’ multiple roles place inordinate (极度的) stress on them. Does having a job as well as a home and a family enhance a woman’s health or threaten it?
Research on the question is sparse and contradictory. Research in the area has pointed to two competing hypotheses, according to Nancy Marshall, participant of Wellesley College’s Center for Research on Women. One, the "scarcity hypothesis", presumes people have a limited amount of time and energy and that women with competing demands suffer from overload and inter-role conflict. The other, the "enhancement hypothesis", theorizes that the greater self-esteem and social support people gain from multiple roles outweigh the costs. Marshall’s own research supports both notions.
Citing results from two studies she recently conducted, she explained that having children gives working women a mental and emotional boost that childless women lack. But having children also increases work and family strain, indirectly increasing depressive symptoms, she found.
The reason multiple roles can be both positive and negative has to do with traditional gender roles, agreed the experts. Despite women’s movement into the paid labor force, they still have primary responsibility for the "second shift" — household work and childcare. The debate about women’s multiple roles could be rendered obsolete by changes in societal expectations, many experts in the field believe.
"Individual decisions about work and family take place in a social and cultural context," said Gunn Johansson, PhD, professor of work psychology at the University of Stockholm. "Society sends encouraging or discouraging signals about an individual’s choices and about the feasibility of combining work and family."
According to Johansson, these signals come not only in the form of equal employment opportunity laws, but also in the support society makes available to families. A researcher in her department, for instance, compared the plight of women managers in Sweden and the former West Germany. Although the two societies are quite similar, they differ in one important respect: Sweden offers high-quality child care to almost every family that requests it.
Preliminary results from the study are striking. In Sweden, most of the women managers had at least two children and sometimes more; in Germany, most were single women with no children. "These women were reading the signals from their society," Johansson said. While the German women recognized that they had to forsake family for work, the Swedish women took it as their right to combine the two roles. [br] What do the traditional gender roles refer to in the fourth paragraph?
选项
A、Women’s getting into the paid labor force.
B、Women’s stay at home to take care of home and children.
C、Multiple roles a woman plays in soxiety.
D、Social status assigned to a traditional woman.
答案
B
解析
细节归纳题。由第四段第二句话“Despite women’s movement into the paid labor force,they still have primary responsibility for the“second shift”—household work and childcare.”可知妇女的传统任务就是照顾孩子和操持家务,所以B项内容正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3008454.html
相关试题推荐
Theydidnotwanttobehard-workingandthrifty______(像前辈那样).astheirance
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterpr
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
Somepsychologistsmaintainthatmentalactssuchasthinkingarenotperfor
随机试题
[originaltext]W:TodayI’dliketowelcomeEdwardFox,aseasonedrealestatea
ManypeopleinvestinthestockmarkethopingtofindthenextMicrosoftan
Parents’Homework:FindPerfectTeachersforKidsA)TomiHalldidw
患者,女,30岁。近日来阴部干涩瘙痒,伴见五心烦热,头晕目眩,烘热汗出,腰酸耳鸣
关于基本分析法的主要内容,下列说法不正确的是()。A.宏观经济分析主要探讨
字号中,阿拉伯字号数越大表示字符越( ),中文字号数越小表示字符越( )。A
患儿女,5岁。残冠,探无反应,叩(±),唇侧牙龈瘘管,松动Ⅱ度,X线片示发育正常
某男性患者,40岁。气喘发作2小时,检查发现呼吸急促,三凹征,缺氧,心率130次
某混凝土工程按计划12天完成,下图中标出了截止至第7天末的实际施工时间,从图中可
根据《标准设计施工总承包招标文件》中的《合同条款及格式》,“发包人要求”文件包含
最新回复
(
0
)