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  3. After the stock-market crash of October 1929 it took over three years for A

After the stock-market crash of October 1929 it took over three years for A

游客2023-09-08  31
问题      After the stock-market crash of October 1929 it took over three years for America’s government to launch a series of dramatic efforts to end the Depression, starting with Roosevelt’s declaration of a four-day bank holiday in March 1933. In-between, America saw the worst economic collapse in its history. Thousands of banks failed, a damaging deflation set in, output declined by a third and unemployment rose to 25%. The Depression brought enormous damage across the globe, but most of all on America’s economy. As a result, the boundaries between government and markets were redrawn.
     During the past month, little more than a year after the financial storm first struck in August 2007, America’s government made its most dramatic interventions in financial markets since the 1930s. At the time it was not even certain that the economy was in recession and unemployment stood at 6.1%. In two unstable weeks the Federal Reserve and the Treasury between them nationalized the country’s two mortgage giants, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; took over AIG, the world’s largest insurance company; in effect extended government deposit insurance to $ 3.4 trillion in money-market funds; temporarily banned short-selling in over 900 mostly financial stocks; and, most dramatic of all, sworn to take up to $700 billion of bad mortgage-related assets on to its books. The Fed and the Treasury were determined to prevent the kind of banking disaster that caused the Depression. Shellshocked lawmakers were picky, but Congress and the administration eventually agreed.
     The landscape of American finance has been radically changed. The independent investment bank -- a crucial Wall Street animal that relied on high leverage(杠杆作用) and wholesale funding -- is now all but disappear. Lehman Brothers has gone bust; Bear Steams and Merrill Lynch have been swallowed by commercial banks; and Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley ’have become commercial banks themselves. The "shadow banking system" is transforming at lightning speed. And in little more than three weeks America’s government, all told, expanded its gross liabilities(负债) by more than $1 trillion -- almost twice as much as the cost so far of the Iraq war.
     Beyond that, few things are certain. In late September the turmoil spread and intensified. Money markets seized up across the globe as banks refused to lend to each other. Five European banks failed and European governments fell over themselves to support their banking systems with rescues and guarantees. As this special report went to press, it was too soon to declare the crisis contained.  [br] What measures were taken by the Federal Reserve and the Treasury under present situation?
选项 A、The country’s two mortgage giants were nationalized in two weeks.
B、The short-selling in over 900 financial stocks was banned forever.
C、Government deposit insurance was extended to $700 billion.
D、About $700 billion poisonous assets related to mortgage was confiscated.
答案 A
解析 事实细节题。由定位句可知，第二段主要讲述美国政府在当前形势下采取的措施：其中第三句提到．．．the Federal Reserve and the Treasury between them nationalized the country’s two mortgage giants．．．，国内两大抵押大亨在两周之内被国有化，A 符合题意；
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