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  3. Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier f

Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier f

游客2023-09-05  32
问题     Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits.
    Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue. From 1992 to 2008, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or about 4,585 cases per year, were described as successful claims. While this number is small given the number of workers covered by the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, many, if not most, instances of age discrimination are never sued, and cases of hiring discrimination often go undetected.
    Most of those who do sue are white, male middle-managers who are likely to have lost a sizeable salary and pension. For the most part, other groups do not sue because the costs of a lawsuit outweigh the potential benefits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.
    There is strong experimental evidence for age discrimination in hiring, at least for entry-level jobs. In 2002-2003, I performed a labor market experiment in Boston and St. Petersburg, Fla. in which I sent out thousands of resumes for fictitious entry-level female candidates and measured response rate based on date of high school graduation. Among this group, younger applicants, whose date of high school graduation indicated that they were less than 50 years old, were 40 percent more likely to be called back for an interview than were older applicants.
    It is difficult to tell whether employment problems are worse for older workers than for other workers when times are bad. The number of discrimination lawsuits increases during times of high unemployment, but this finding by itself does not indicate an increased level of age discrimination. In times of higher unemployment, the opportunity cost to a lawsuit is lower than it is when times are good.
    From the employer’s perspective, mass layoffs may seem like a good chance to remove a higher proportion of generally more expensive older workers without the worry of being sued. On the other hand, employers may be less likely to remove protected older workers because they still fear lawsuits. One thing we do know is that once an older worker loses a job, he or she is much less likely to find a new job than a younger worker is.
    Unfortunately, the effect of legislation prohibiting age discrimination is not clear cut and may actually be part of the reason it is so difficult for older workers to find employment. If it is more difficult to fire an older worker than a younger worker, a firm will be less likely to want to hire older workers. Indeed, my research finds that in states where workers have longer time to bring a lawsuit claim, older men work fewer weeks per year, are less likely to be hired, and less likely to be fired than men in states where they do not have as much time.
    Not many people would suggest that we go back to a world prior to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, in which advertisements specify the specific ages of people they are willing to hire. However, legislation prohibiting discrimination is no panacea. The recent proposed congressional legislation could have both positive and negative effects on potential older workers. [br] Why are not cases of age discrimination in hiring often found out?
选项 A、The law about age discrimination has a loophole.
B、The definition of age discrimination is ambiguous.
C、Many discriminated people don’t sue considering the potential benefits.
D、The law about age discrimination has just been issued.
答案 C
解析 第二段提到，有相当多的属于年龄歧视的案件并没有人提起诉讼，雇佣方的歧视案件往往不被发现。第三段又讲到大多数情况下其他群体不会对此类歧视提出诉讼，主要是因为诉讼费用比潜在利益价值高。综合这两句话可知答案为[C]。题干中…not…found out是对原文中的go undetected的同义转述。
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