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  3. Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets t

Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets t

游客2023-09-05  55
问题     Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are looking at by using scanners to study brain activity.
    The breakthrough by American scientists took MRI (磁共振成像) scanning equipment normally used in hospital diagnosis to observe patterns of brain activity when a subject examined a range of black and white photographs. Then a computer was able to correctly predict in nine out of ten cases which image people were focused on. Guesswork would have been accurate only eight times in every 1,000 attempts.
    The study raises the possibility in the future of the technology being harnessed to visualise scenes from a person’s dreams or memory. Writing in the journal Nature, the scientists, led by Dr Jack Gallant from the University of California at Berkeley, said, "Our results suggest that it may soon be possible to reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience from measurements of brain activity alone. Imagine a general brain reading device that could reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience at any moment in time."
    It will inevitably also raise fears that a suspect’s brain could be interrogated (询问) against his will, raising the nightmarish possibility of interrogation for "thought crimes". The researchers say this is currently firmly in the realm of science fiction because the technique can only be applied to visual images and, to date, the experiments rely on clumsy MRI scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets. The software decoder itself has to be adapted to each individual during hours of training while in the scanner.
    However the team have warned about potential privacy issues in the future when scanning techniques improve. "It is possible that decoding brain activity could have serious ethical and privacy implications downstream in, say, the 30-to 50-year time frame," said Prof Gallant. "We believe strongly that no one should be subjected to any form of brain reading process involuntarily, or without complete informed consent." [br] A subject in the mind-reading test needs______, which makes the test difficult.
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答案 hours of training while in the scanner
解析 根据which makes the test difficult定位在倒数第二段中。本段主要讲述了思想犯罪调查在目前的不现实性，主要从硬件(MRI scanning equipment，extremely powerful magnets)，软件(The software decoder)和被试(each individual)三个方面做了讲解。讲到被试时提到，要求他们数个小时在扫描仪上训练(hours of training while in the scanner)。这也是全文中唯一提到的该试验对于被试的要求。
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