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  3. Historians can trace the foundations of plastic surgery as far back as about

Historians can trace the foundations of plastic surgery as far back as about

游客2023-08-22  27
问题     Historians can trace the foundations of plastic surgery as far back as about 2,600 years ago to ancient India where facial surgery were carried out. The techniques were recorded in the early Hindu texts and were used primarily on soldiers injured during conflict.
    The birth of cosmetic reconstructive surgery truly occurred many hundreds of years later, and over the past ten years plastic surgery has become very popular with more and more people refusing to grow old gracefully. It is however not limited to young women considering the fact eating disorders are on the rise among young men; men and women alike are interested in cosmetic surgery and it even gains popularity in mainstream culture. It seems that no longer are people judged on their abilities alone but on their appearance, and more and more of people are choosing to go under the knife in an effort to shape themselves into an objective and arbitrary ideal beauty.
    The "image" of beauty portrayed by the media is usually related to the objectives, young, very slim, and most often white. Having a body weight of 15% below normal for one’s height, age and weight is considered ideal. In other words people should be anorexic to meet the media’ s image of beauty. The message is that only their imposed image of beauty is acceptable, and those who are larger, shorter, thicker, or browner are not. This ideal image and weight, however, is unattainable for 99% of women. Ironically, most images of models appearing on magazines have been airbrushed to perfection to attain that "perfect" image of beauty.
    Sadly, for many people, the quest for beauty has turned into an all-out obsession. Unsurprisingly, the newfound obsession is a convenient marketing tool because 99% of the female population is not satisfied with their appearance and therefore will be more likely to buy slimming, cosmetics or turn to plastic surgery. The dieting industry makes an incredible $33 billion a year. The industry uses media to keep people thinking that they should maintain the slender or even skinny shape. This image of beauty is simply unattainable and the desire for it will never be met so the demand for the industry will never decrease. And the very industries that profit from fueling inadequacy, a feeling of not being good enough, will continue to prosper. [br] The word "mainstream"(Line 5, Para.2)is closest in meaning to______.
选项 A、dominated
B、worldwide
C、standard
D、maternal
答案 A
解析 语义题。单词所在原句为“it even gains popularity in mainstream culture．”词意可以通过联系下文推断出，紧接的一句解释到，人们不再以能力而是以长相来评价一个人。大多数人都这样认为，可知是在主流文化中也流行。或者根据构词法，main(主要的)+stream(溪流)，合成词为“主流”。主流文化即占主导的文化，所以正确答案是A．“主导的”。选项D，maternal为“母系”的意思。
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