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[originaltext] Good afternoon! Today I would like to talk about the Undergro
[originaltext] Good afternoon! Today I would like to talk about the Undergro
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2023-08-18
37
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问题
Good afternoon! Today I would like to talk about the Underground Railroad. Now, one of the most interesting events, I think, in Afro-American history, was the development of the Underground Railroad in the years before the Civil War. I guess you’ve all heard of that, right? Then you know that the Underground Railroad wasn’t a real railroad—it just got that name, in about 1831, because at that time the new steam engines, the new steam railways, were becoming important in the US economy.
So, the Underground Railroad wasn’t a railroad—it was a network of people who helped slaves in the South escape to the North, to the northern states and to Canada, mostly, but also to the West, to Mexico, and to the Caribbean as well. These people were black and white, abolitionists and free Blacks and various religious groups, and they helped slaves escape from their masters. They hid them in their houses, and they secretly conveyed them by wagon, by boat, and on foot—to places where human slavery was illegal.
It’s believed that the system was started by a Quaker, Isaac Hopper, near the end of the 18th century, because he had begun organizing ways to assist runaway slaves at that time. It’s documented that, in 1786, George Washington—before he became the first US President—complained that one of his slaves was helped to escape by, quote, "a society of Quakers, formed for such purposes", unquote.
The Underground Railroad never was extensively organized, though It was just an informal network of safe houses and secret routes and meeting points. The people involved didn’t know any of the details of operations beyond those in their own immediate area—probably just enough to convey fugitives to the next station
The participants used a kind of code, a kind of jargon, based on railway terms. The various hiding locations were called "stations", so the people who hid the runaways were called "stationmasters", and the people who guided them along the route, who transported them from meeting place to meeting place, were called "conductors". And the escaped slaves themselves were referred to as "passengers". One station-master, William Steel, helped hundreds of escaping slaves-as many as sixty a month,and he kept careful records, including individual biographies, that included these railway code phrases. Then he later published these accounts, after the war, in 1872.
23. What does the speaker say about the Underground Railroad?
24. Who is believed to have started the Underground Railroad?
25. What did people call the runaway slaves?
选项
A、It was a railroad in the US.
B、It was developed after the Civil War.
C、It got its name in about 1931.
D、It helped slaves run away.
答案
D
解析
原文说到the Underground Railroad不是真的铁路,而是一个帮助奴隶逃跑到奴隶制不合法的地方的组织,所以D答案正确,该项的run away是原文escape的同义转换。the UndergroundRailroad并不是真的铁路,所以A不对;它是在美国南北战争(the Civil War)之前发展起来的,所以B项错误;它的名字大概在1831年起的,而不是1913年,所以C也不对。
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