2. 职称英语
  3. One night in the early 1600s Galileo got tired of using the newfangled(新花样的)

One night in the early 1600s Galileo got tired of using the newfangled(新花样的)

游客2023-08-16  20
问题     One night in the early 1600s Galileo got tired of using the newfangled(新花样的)telescope to spot ships and pointed it to the heavens instead. Suddenly the moon had mountains. A fleet of moons encircled Jupiter. And people would never again gaze at the night sky in the same way.
    Now astronomers looked 8,000 light-years into the cosmos with the Hubble Space Telescope. Orbiting 370 miles up, above city lights and the rippling atmosphere, Hubble has confirmed the existence of black holes, revealed a gallery of bizarre galaxies, and chronicled the catastrophic(灾难的)explosions of dying stars.
    Not bad for a satellite that in the beginning had something of a catastrophic reputation itself, Hubble was lifted into orbit with great expectation by the space shuttle Discovery in April 1990. Almost immediately it was clear that the primary mirror was misshapen(变形的)—not to the extreme but enough to pull some lace curtains across Hubble’s "window on the universe." The telescope’s true golden age began in December 1993, when the crew of the shuttle Endeavor rode to the rescue.
    With hinged doors and modular(组合式的)parts, Hubble was designed to be serviced in space.
    Like roadside mechanics, the astronauts pulled up to Hubble, opened the hood, and installed replacement parts. They included corrective mirrors that canceled out the existing mirror flaw. In the following months astronomers marveled at razor-sharp views of a universe dizzy with exploding stars and colliding galaxies, stretching off from here to the edge of eternity.
    When you look into space, you are looking back through time. Even at 186,000 miles a second, light requires a measurable amount of time to get from one place to another. Sunlight bounced off the moon requires a second to reach earth, so when you look at the moon, you are actually looking at the moon a second ago. With its unobstructed view, Hubble can look back some 11 billion years—just two billion years or so after the creation of the universe—to see galaxies already forming. These galaxies are speeding away from us. The farther they are, the faster they’re going—the most distant approach the speed of light. In the 1920s astronomer Edwin Hubble came up with a formula that expresses the proportional relationship of distances between clusters of galaxies and the speeds at which they are moving.
    For the rest of us Hubble is simply the greatest tour guide ever. The Eagle Nebula’s towering pillars evoke the same awe as any ancient temple. The violence of Eta Carinae’s explosion is as heart-stopping as the eruption of a volcano. And thanks to Hubble we can begin to register the notion that while earth is our local address, we have an entire universe that we can call home. [br] According to the fifth paragraph, through Hubble, we can see _____.
选项 A、the moon at a shorter time than with our naked eye
B、galaxies which began to form about 11 billion years ago
C、the creation of the universe more than 13 billion years ago
D、remote galaxies approaching us almost at the speed of light
答案 B
解析 第5段第4句中的主句表明我们现在所看到的星系在110亿年前就已开始形成了，B为本题答案。第5段开头描述了我们看到月球需要多长时间，但没有说明用望远镜需时多少。事实上，用肉眼和用望远镜看同样距离的物体用时是一样的，A不符合常理；第5段第4句表明我们只能看到110亿年前，言下之意，130亿年前宇宙的形成是看不见的，C不正确；D与第5段第5、6句相反，原文中的approach并不是表明星系在靠近我们，而是表明它们远离我们的速度接近光速。
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