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  3. 在中国大陆，户口(the certificate of registered residence)是中国公民在一个地方合法上学、就业、获得社会保障和分配

在中国大陆，户口(the certificate of registered residence)是中国公民在一个地方合法上学、就业、获得社会保障和分配

游客2023-08-15  55
问题     在中国大陆，户口(the certificate of registered residence)是中国公民在一个地方合法上学、就业、获得社会保障和分配住房(housing allocation)的重要证明。中国的户口制度(household registration system)便了政府对当地居民和流动人口(floating population)的管理，但是不便于公民的自由流动。此外，中国的户口制度把公民分为“农业户口”与“非农业户口”两大类，造成了公民身份的城乡差别，阻碍了中国的城市化进程。人们一直呼吁户口制度改革，政府也正在逐步取消户口对人口流动的限制和缩小户口的城乡差别。
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答案     In mainland China, the certificate of registered residence is an important document for a Chinese citizen’s legal access to education, employment, social security and housing allocation. China’s household registration system facilitates the government in managing the local residents as well as the floating population, but it is not convenient for the free movement of citizens. Moreover, China’s household registration system classifies all citizens into two major categories, "agricultural households" and "non-agricultural households", which results in differences between rural and urban citizenship and hence hinders China’s urbanization. People have long been calling for reform of the household registration system. The government is also phasing out the certificate’s restrictions on the population flow and lessening the differences between rural citizenship and urban citizenship.
解析 1．“合法上学、就业、获得社会保障和分配住房”在汉语中都是动词，翻译时可转换成名词或名词性短语，译为legal access to education，employment，social security and housing allocation。
2．“中国的户口制度方便了政府对当地居民和流动人口的管理，但是不便于公民的自由流动”是一个转折句，直接用but来连接两个分句即可。
3．第三句中“造成了公民身份的城乡差别，阻碍了中国的城市化进程”是“中国的户口制度把公民分为‘农业户口，与‘非农业户口’两大类”造成的两个结果，可处理成which引导的非限制性定语从句，用which results in…and hence hinders…把两个结果连接起来。
4．最后一句由两个短句组成，且这两个短句的主语各不同，可以拆译成两句话，前一句说明人们的呼吁，后一句说明政府的做法。
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