汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门,对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一

游客2023-08-10  29

问题    汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门,对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣,涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成,收入9,000个字,提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间,科技方面也取得了很大进步,发明了纸张、水钟、日晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年,但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。

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答案    The Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Chinese history. There are lots of remarkable achievements during the reign of this dynasty. Being the first to open the door to other cultures, it excelled in its foreign trade. The Silk Road paved in the Han Dynasty led to Central and Western Asia, and even to Rome. With all sorts of art schools flourishing, there appeared many great works in literature, history, and philosophy. In 100 A. D. , China’s first dictionary was completed, which included 9,000 characters, providing meanings and different ways of writing. During that period, the science and technology had made great progress, too. Paper, water clock, sundials and instruments used to detect earthquake were invented. Though the Han Dynasty had a history of 400 years, the corruption of its rulers finally led to its collapse.

解析 1.翻译第一句时,需要用到“one of+可数名词复数”结构。另外,注意表示朝代的名词前面需要加定冠词the。
2.翻译第二句时要注意时态。由于本段文字介绍的是史实,故应使用一般现在时。
3.翻译第三句时,可将“最先向其他文化敞开大门”译作伴随状语,将“对外贸易兴旺”译作主句。还有一种译法是将这两个分句译为并列句,即“It was the first dynasty to open the door to other cultures,and its foreign trade was also prosperous.”。
4.翻译第四句时,可以把“丝绸之路”译作主语,将“汉朝开拓的”译作后置定语。
5.翻译第五句时,可将“各类艺术一派繁荣”译作伴随状语,将“涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著”译作主句。还有一种译法是使用定语从句,把“各类艺术一派繁荣”译作主句,把“汉朝”当作先行词,译为“在这一时期涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著”,即“Various kinds of art thrived during the Han Dynasty,when many great works on literature,history and philosophy emerged.”。
6.翻译第六句时,可将整个句子译作一个复合句,把“公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成”译作主句,把“收入9,000个字”译作定语从句,把“提供释义并列举不同的写法”译作伴随状语。另外一种译法是把“公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成,收入9,000个字”和“提供释义并列举不同的写法”译作两个句子,在第一个并列句中,把“收入9,000个字”译作伴随状语,即“The first dictionary in China was compiled in 100 A.D.,including 9,000 words.It provided meanings and displayed different ways of writing.”。
7.最后一句可根据其转折关系译作一个让步状语从句,也可以直译为含转折关系的并列句,即“The Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years,but its rulers’corruption led to its dying out.”。
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