2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻,其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里,预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如

游客2023-08-10  40

问题    2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻,其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里,预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战,也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发展理念,强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标,中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展,并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。

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答案    2011 is the historic moment in the process of urbanization in China, whose urban population exceeds the rural population for the first time. In the next two decades, it is estimated that about 350 million people will migrate from rural to urban areas. Such a scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation. The Chinese government has always been advocating the idea of "people-oriented" , stressing that people should take buses rather than drive private cars. It also calls for the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. With this clear goal, China can have a better-planned urbanization process, and make a large investment in the development of safe, clean and economical transportation system.

解析 1.翻译第一句时,可以使用定语从句。一种方法是把“中国”作为先行词,强调“其城市人口首次超过农村人口”。还有一种译法是把“2011年”作为先行词,强调在这一年中国的城市人口首次超过农村人口,即“2011 is the historic moment in Chinese urbanization process,when the urban population surpasses the rural population for the first time.”。
2.翻译第二句时,“预计”的具体内容可用形式主语表示,即it is estimated that…。
3.翻译第三句时,注意“既是……也是……”表示对两者的肯定,可以用both…and…结构,也可以使用not only…but also…,需要注意的是,not only若置于句首,则主句用部分倒装,即“Not only is such a scale of urban development a challenge but also it is an opportunity for urban transportation.”。
4.翻译第四句时需要注意时态,由“一直提倡”可知,此处应使用现在完成进行时,强调从过去到现在一直持续的动作,且动作有可能继续;“强调……”既可以同参考译文一样用现在分词短语作伴随状语,也可以使用定语从句,即which stresses that people should take buses rather than drive private cars。
5.翻译第五句时需要注意“号召”的表达方法,其次要记住“资源节约和环境友好型”的表达方法。“号召”可译为calls for;“资源节约和环境友好型”译为resource-saving and environment-friendly。
6.最后一句比较复杂,“有了这个明确的目标”可译为with结构,作整个句子的状语,剩下的内容翻译为两个并列句。
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