首页
登录
职称英语
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering e
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering e
游客
2023-08-10
54
管理
问题
Fertilizer use has exploded, overloading plants worldwide, likely altering ecosystems for decades to centuries, scientists report Thursday. In the journal Science, a review led by Donald Canfield of the University of Southern Denmark found that fertilizer use worldwide increased 800% from 1960 to 2000. "Given the rising costs of synthetic fertilizer production, this overuse is not only economically expensive, but also initiates a series of large-scale environmental impacts," says the review.
Fundamentally, nitrogen from fertilizers has led to an explosion in "dead zones" in seas and oceans, upsetting a cycle of nutrients balanced with growth that has lasted for billions of years, the authors find.
As well, the excess nitrogen is forming large amounts of nitrous oxide(一氧化二氮), a powerful greenhouse gas in wetlands, adding to climate change. Agriculture today produces about a quarter of the nitrous oxide in the atmosphere.
"The effects of humans have been profound. In the last few decades we have doubled the worldwide biological availability of nitrogen, an element that often limits growth of plants and algae," says Thomas Jordan of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Eclgewater, Md., who was not part of the review. The review, "is a very careful analysis of the nitrogen cycle by three of the world authorities in this area," says biochemist Robert Blankenship of Washington University in St. Louis, who also was not part of the review. "The concerns they raise for how the nitrogen cycle is now significantly out of balance are important and need to be addressed by changing agricultural practices. The world’s food supply depends directly on nitrogen application in the form of fertilizer, but current practices are such that much of the applied nitrogen ends up in rivers and eventually in the ocean where it causes serious problems."
"Natural feedbacks driven by microorganisms will likely produce a new steady state over time scales of many decades," say the review authors. "However, because of the projected increase in human population through at least 2050, there will be demand for an increase in fixed nitrogen for crops to feed this population." And that will mean a lot more dead zones, they warn, like the one that blooms yearly, in 2010 about the size of New Jersey, in the Gulf of Mexico.
"Several new approaches and a much wider use of more sustainable time-honored practices, however, can decrease nitrogen use substantially," they conclude. The rising cost and environmental toll of fertilizers will increase demand for less use on farms, they add. "However, even with management, the future cycle will likely be different from the one that preceded the Industrial Revolution." [br] What happens to the "dead zones" year by year?
选项
A、The sizes of such zones keep expanding.
B、The human population in such zones keeps increasing.
C、There is an increasing demand for crops in such zones.
D、Microorganisms grow well in such zones.
答案
A
解析
该句中的blooms表明在墨西哥湾的“死区”每年的面积都在扩大。而该句开头部分又表明,以后会有更多与墨西哥湾“死区”相似的dead zones的出现,这暗示dead zones的面积每年都会扩大。因此,本题应选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2914285.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,theenvironmentalmovementhasexplodedont
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,theenvironmentalmovementhasexplodedont
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,theenvironmentalmovementhasexploded
[originaltext]Moods,saytheexperts,arefeelingsthatarelikelytobefi
[originaltext]TheworldwideorganizationoftheRedCrossstemsfromtheid
[originaltext]TheworldwideorganizationoftheRedCrossstemsfromtheid
[originaltext]TheworldwideorganizationoftheRedCrossstemsfromtheid
[originaltext]Readersusingelectronicbooksarelesslikelytoabsorbwhat
[originaltext]Readersusingelectronicbooksarelesslikelytoabsorbwhat
Movingfarmorequicklythanmanyhadthoughtlikelyorpossible,lawmakers
随机试题
[originaltext]Overthepastdecade,theenvironmentalmovementhasexploded
[originaltext]Ayoungmanoncewenttotownandboughthimselfapairoftrouse
攀登和悬空高处作业人员以及搭设高处作业安全设施的人员,必须经过上岗培训,并定期进
常用的化学预防方法有哪些()。A.补充氟化物降低龋齿患病率 B.孕期妇女补充叶
(2016年)下列关于VaR的描述正确的是()。 Ⅰ.风险价值是指在一定的持有
下列有关外部调查的表述中,正确的是( )。A.对被审计单位下属子公司的调查属于
在古希腊,最早提出发现法的大教育家是()。 A.德谟克利特B.亚里士
下列不属于矿业工程组织措施费中的I临时设施费的为()。A.临时宿舍 B.临时
营养性巨幼细胞性贫血的病因是A:缺乏维生素B12 B:缺乏维生素B6 C:缺
能够全面反映建设工程施工全过程质量控制和保证的依据性证明资料是( )。A.工程
最新回复
(
0
)