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What’s the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a re

游客2023-08-10  35
问题     What’s the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a recent college graduate? China? India? Brazil? How about trade?
When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $ 50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doomsaying. Imports, which soared to $ 200.3 billion in the month, are subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The larger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.
    But there’s another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession—a renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United States—but an economic expansion.
    The rising volume of trade—more goods and services shuttling in and out of the United State—is good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery, and logistics(物流) have all been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers signify growing vitality in foreign markets—when we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U. S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and market. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade-sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.
    And while exports always seem to lag, U. S. companies are becoming more involved in the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GM’s balance sheet—and hence makes the jobs of U. S. -based executives more stable.
    One great challenge for the U. S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. That’s to be expected, given what we’ve been through. But there’s a bigger challenge. Can U. S. -based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to pick up and move to India, or Brazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but it’s no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.
    Companies and individuals who don’t have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markets, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion’s share of economic opportunity in our world. [br] What is one of the challenges facing the American economy?
选项 A、Decreasing productivity.
B、People’s reluctance to spend.
C、Competition from overseas.
D、Slack trade activities.
答案 B
解析 本题是个建立在细节上的同义替换题。文章第六段提及美国面临的巨大挑战，原文为：One great challenge for the U. S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand...，随后作者详细解释了这 句话的含义：Americans are paying down debt， saving more， and spending more carefully. 而选项B中的 reluctance to spend 意为“不愿意花钱”，和原文含义相同，强调美国国内市场萧条，美国人在花钱方面很谨慎。所以B为正确答案。
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