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  3. The global humanitarian system is under "unprecedented strain"—with reaction

The global humanitarian system is under "unprecedented strain"—with reaction

游客2023-08-05  79
问题     The global humanitarian system is under "unprecedented strain"—with reactions to crises such as the threat of famine coming too late, according to David Miliband, head of the humanitarian relief group the International Rescue Committee.
    Citing fresh figures showing that the 2017 humanitarian appeal for the crisis facing Somalia had achieved just 0. 4% of the $863. 5m requested last month, the former UK foreign secretary said that rather than intervening early, the world was in grave danger of repeating the mistakes of the past when famine hits. Miliband was speaking as other figures from the humanitarian community warned that famine is looming in four different countries, threatening unprecedented levels of hunger.
    Asked about the slow response of donors—not just to Somalia but to the appeals for Yemen, Nigeria and South Sudan—he said: " Overseas aid has not kept pace with the growing challenge of fragile states and displacement. The UK actually has a very proud record, but too many other governments have not been able to increase their funding and they fund on a very fragmented and reactive basis. One of the challenges of the international humanitarian system is to move on to a much more strategic, coordinated basis that would be a more proactive and pre-emptive basis of funding. "
    As conflicts prevented aid getting to those in need in at least three of the four looming famine areas, and particularly in South Sudan where aid workers complain of being denied access, Miliband said there was a need for what he described as "muscular diplomacy" (强力外交). "Peacemaking and diplomacy are at an absolute premium. Obviously the military context is very important, the security framework is very important, but what I see in somewhere like South Sudan is a desperate need for an effective political and diplomatic process," he added.
    On reports that the Trump administration is preparing to order sweeping cuts in funding to the UN and other global bodies, he said: " Obviously we have all read the draft executive order that went around, but it has not yet been issued and I hope that means there is serious inter-agency thought—involving the defence department and state department too—about the importance of the US contribution to the UN. "
    Miliband, who backed the review being undertaken by the new UN secretary general, Antonio Guterres, added. " Far from walking away from support for the UN, now is the time to build up support for multilateral institutions. Some parts of the UN work life-savingly well and I think it’s important to acknowledge that. In other ways the humanitarian aid system needs more than just more aid. It needs to be about better aid. " [br] According to Miliband, the delay of humanitarian relief is mainly caused by________.
选项 A、frequent attacks of grave natural disasters
B、the underestimate of the overall hunger levels
C、the retarded development of the fund-raising system
D、failure to establish an international alliance
答案 C
解析 由题干中的delay of humanitarian relief和mainly caused定位至第三段细节理解题。定位段指出，国际援助在应对饥荒方面反应过缓的原因在于国际援助未能跟上饥荒国家日益严峻的挑战和被迫迁徙，除英国外，很多国家都没办法增加筹款。可见国际援助过于迟缓的主要原因在于筹资体系的发展跟不上形势需要，故答案为C)。
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