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  3. Fear responses can only be erased when people learn something new while retr

Fear responses can only be erased when people learn something new while retr

游客2023-08-04  51
问题     Fear responses can only be erased when people learn something new while retrieving the fear memory. This is the conclusion of a study【C1】________by scientists from the University of Amsterdam and published in the journal Science.
    Three researchers have developed a method to determine whether an acquired fear response is susceptible to modification. By doing so, they have revealed the【C2】________under which an acquired fear response can be eradicated.
    Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is currently the most common and effective type of treatment for people【C3】________from anxiety disorders. However, the effects are often short-lived and the fear returns in many patients. One major finding of the study is that when participants were given propranolol (心得安，一种药物) , a beta blocker, while retrieving a【C4】________fear memory, the acquired fear response was shown to be totally erased a day or a month later. The researchers【C5】________found that the fear did not come back, despite the use of techniques specifically aimed to make it return. This indicates that the fear memory was either fully eradicated, or could no longer be【C6】________.
    For their study the researchers used a fear conditioning procedure in which a specific picture was followed by a painful【C7】________While the participants viewed the pictures, the researchers measured the anticipation of the painful stimulus as well as the more autonomous fear response on the basis of the startle reflex (惊跳反射).
    The current findings will contribute to the further development of more effective and【C8】________therapies for patients suffering from excessive anxiety disorders, such as trauma【C9】________There was no independent measure to indicate whether the memory is susceptible to modification up until now. The researchers have shown that the fear response can be eradicated【C10】________, provided that the person concerned actually learns something new while retrieving the fear memory.
    A) accessed       E) decent       I) infecting   M) suffering
    B) circumstances  F) efficient    J) repeatedly  N) verdicts
    C) completely     G) essential    K) specific    O) victims
    D) conducted      H) exceedingly  L) stimulus [br] 【C8】
选项
答案 F
解析 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的more effective and和空格后的therapies for可以判断，此处需要填入一个能与effective(有效的)并列使用的形容词。备选词汇中只有efficient(有效率的)符合此处语境，故选F。
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